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Gene Mutation Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a point mutation?

A change in the sequence of mRNA molecules
A change in the sequence of amino acids
A change in the sequence of tRNA molecules
A substitution of one base by another in DNA (correct)

What is a transition mutation?

A change of a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine or purine with another purine (correct)
A change in the sequence of amino acids
A change from a pyrimidine to a purine base
A change from a purine to a pyrimidine base

What is the effect of a silent mutation?

A premature stop codon is introduced
A change in the amino acid sequence
The genetic code is altered
No detectable change in the amino acid sequence (correct)

What is an example of a hemoglobin abnormality?

Hb Bristol (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a missense mutation?

A change in the amino acid sequence (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a type of genetic disorder caused by a point mutation?

Sickle cell anemia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of deleting 3 nucleotides or multiples of 3 from the coding region?

A protein with a missed amino acid or acids (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of deleting one or two nucleotides within the termination sequence?

Reading through a termination signal until another nonsense codon is reached (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an insertion of nucleotides?

The same effects as deletions (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the CFTR protein?

Helping to maintain the balance of salt and water within a cell (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of Cystic Fibrosis?

Deletion of 3 nucleotides from the CFTR gene (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of the delta F508 mutation on the CFTR protein?

It causes the protein to fold abnormally (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying genetic basis of sickle cell anemia?

Inheritance of two mutant genes that code for synthesis of the β globin chains (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the point mutation in the β-globin chain in sickle cell anemia?

Replacement of glutamate with valine (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the polymerization of deoxyhemoglobin S inside the RBC?

Formation of insoluble fibrous polymers (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition characterized by lifelong episodes of pain, chronic hemolytic anemia, and increased susceptibility to infections?

Sickle cell anemia (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of mutation is the result of deletion or insertion of nucleotides in DNA?

Frameshift mutation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a deletion of a single nucleotide in the coding strand of a gene?

Garbled translation of the mRNA distal to the site of deletion (C) Signup and view all the answers

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