Gene Expression

Gene expression, the process by which DNA directs protein synthesis, includes two stages: transcription and ______

In 1902, British physician Archibald Garrod first suggested that genes dictate phenotypes through enzymes that catalyze specific chemical reactions. He thought symptoms of an inherited disease reflect an inability to synthesize a certain ______

George Beadle and Edward Tatum exposed bread mold to X-rays, creating mutants that were unable to survive on minimal media. Their colleagues Adrian Srb and Norman Horowitz identified three classes of arginine-deficient mutants. Each lacked a different ______ necessary for synthesizing arginine.

The DNA inherited by an organism leads to specific traits by dictating the synthesis of ______

Cells synthesize and degrade molecules in a series of steps, a metabolic ______

Who first suggested that genes dictate phenotypes through enzymes that catalyze specific chemical reactions?

What did George Beadle and Edward Tatum expose bread mold to, resulting in mutants that were unable to survive on minimal media?

What are the two stages included in gene expression, the process by which DNA directs protein synthesis?

What did British physician Archibald Garrod believe the symptoms of an inherited disease reflect?

What are proteins considered as in relation to genotype and phenotype?