30 Questions
What is the main function of Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs) according to the text?
Creation of double-stranded DNA breaks
Which domain is highlighted for its high efficiency in cleaving chromosome matches in the text?
FokIc+C
What is the main drawback mentioned for Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) in the text?
Low fidelity
Which method is described as requiring a longer time than others to insert foreign DNA according to the text?
TALENs
What role do tracrRNA and crRNA play in the CRISPR system according to the text?
Complementary binding and cutting DNA
What is the main purpose of End Resection (L1) as stated in the text?
Removing DNA around Double-Stranded Breaks (DSBs)
What is the main purpose of Base Editing?
To convert cytosine to thymine in a targeted manner
What is the role of CBE in the editing process?
Increasing the deamination rate of cytidine
Which strategy involves adding a UDG inhibitor?
Strategy A
What does ABE stand for in the context of editing?
Adenine Base Editors
What is one drawback of Prime Editing mentioned in the text?
It does not use any natural enzymes
Which enzyme is involved in preventing repair towards the intended change?
Uracil DNA glycosylase
What does CRISPR stand for?
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
What does PAM stand for in the context of CRISPR technology?
Protospacer Adjacent Motif
What is the function of Cas9 in the CRISPR system?
To cut the target DNA at specific sites
What is the primary purpose of combining crRNA-TracrRNA in the CRISPR workflow?
To guide Cas9 to cut DNA of interest
What is the role of sgRNA in the CRISPR/Cas9 system?
Guiding Cas9 to the target DNA sequence
What happens when both nuclease domains of Cas9 are mutated?
It deactivates the Cas9 protein completely
What is the main advantage of using RNA-based detection in CRISPR technology?
Higher specificity for target DNA cleavage
What is the role of dCas9 in the CRISPR system?
To prevent DNA cutting by blocking binding of activating elements
How does the CRISPR/Cas9 system differ from ZFNs and TALENs?
CRISPR/Cas9 does not require a pair binding mechanism, unlike ZFNs and TALENs
What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis in the context of the text?
To detect and separate DNA fragments based on size
What happens when Cas9 nickase (cas9n) is delivered into mammalian cells?
It combines crRNA-TracrRNA to guide Cas9 to cut DNA
What is the function of HNH domain in the Cas9 protein?
To facilitate complementary strand cleavage
What is the purpose of the T7E1 assay in the CRISPR workflow?
To measure on-target cutting efficiency
In the context of gene editing, what is the function of HDR (Homology Directed Repair)?
To produce HbF instead of defective HbA
Which approach is described as disrupting binding sites in the text?
Creating a mutation in the GATA binding site
What type of disease is caused by mutations in the HBB gene?
Sickle cell disease (SCD)
What happens when a bulge is detected during DNA editing?
Larger bands are observed
How is BCLIIA expression reduced to retain HbF as described in the text?
Creating a mutation in the GATA binding site
Test your knowledge on gene editing techniques such as Transforming, Transfection, Transduction, and Cas9 protein. Explore the workflow of editing DNA in mammalian cells using viruses and ribonucleoproteins.
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