30 Questions
What percentage of the gender wage differential is still explained by experience differences according to Blau and Kahn's 2017 analysis of 2010 PSID data?
14%
What percentage of the gender wage differential remains unexplained by worker qualifications and other observable labor supply-side factors?
38%
Why may pay differences by gender be less likely in the education sector compared to other industries?
Because of the temporal inflexibility of work in education
Why were salary schedules widely adopted for teachers in the mid-20th century?
To combat economic and social pressures that had led white male teachers to out-earn their female colleagues
What percentage of districts nationwide use a set schedule for paying teachers according to their years of experience and level of education?
89%
What is a key difference in the structure of wages in education compared to other industries?
The use of salary schedules
What is a reason why women tend to have less administrative experience than men?
Women take breaks from the labor force for childrearing
What is the average difference in earnings between men and women in the US, according to SASS analyses?
$1,000 less
What percentage of male earnings do women make, according to data from 2014?
83 cents per dollar
According to Barth et al. (2017), what percentage of the earnings gap can be explained by movement differences between men and women?
27%
Which of the following is a historical reason for the wage gap between men and women?
Differences in human capital investments
Why are men more likely to have higher salaries than women?
Men have more opportunities to negotiate higher salaries
According to research, why are women penalized in the workforce?
Because they prioritize time flexibility for caregiving responsibilities
What is a factor that contributes to the earnings gap between men and women?
Workplace sorting
Which of the following is a characteristic of male-dominated professions and workplaces?
They are more lucrative
What is a difference in the average years of experience as a principal between men and women?
Men have 0.8 years more experience
What is a reason why men are more likely to work in management positions?
Because they are more likely to sort into lucrative professions
Why do men tend to have more opportunities to seek or negotiate higher salaries?
Men have more administrative experience
What is a key factor in attracting and retaining principals?
Salary
What is the primary goal of the study mentioned in the text?
To provide a more comprehensive analysis of gender wage gaps in school leadership
What is a limitation of previous studies on gender wage gaps in school leadership?
They relied on non-representative, cross-sectional samples of principals
What is a possible consequence of under-rewarding women for their work relative to men?
Reduced motivation for women to pursue leadership roles
What is the time period spanned by the longitudinal administrative data set from Missouri?
1991 to 2016
What is the current situation of women in leadership relative to the proportion of women in teaching?
Women are underrepresented in leadership relative to the proportion of women in teaching
What is the primary reason for lower salaries in occupations dominated by women, according to sociologists?
Society devalues work labeled as 'women's work' and employers pay lower wages in response.
What is the relationship between the representation of women in an organization's upper leadership and male-female compensation gaps?
Greater representation of women in upper leadership reduces male-female compensation gaps.
What is the finding of Pounder's (1988) study on compensation gaps?
Gender differences in pay were found among elementary principals, but the study did not control for other factors.
What is the relationship between the concentration of women in an occupation and salaries, according to Levavon, England, and Allison (2009)?
Salaries are lower in occupations where women are more concentrated.
What is the potential explanation for smaller salary gaps between male and female assistant professors at private universities with female presidents?
Male leaders are more likely to hold discriminatory views that favor male employees.
What is the primary contribution of the analysis of compensation gaps in this research?
It brings new evidence to a small, mixed research base on compensation gaps.
This quiz examines the disparities in compensation between male and female principals in the American education system, exploring the reasons behind the wage gap and its implications. It delves into the statistics and factors that contribute to this phenomenon, including individual and workplace characteristics, and effectiveness ratings. The quiz also touches on the possibility of gender discrimination in principal compensation.
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