Podcast
Questions and Answers
What term do some indigenous peoples in North America use to describe individuals who fulfill traditional non-conforming roles?
What term do some indigenous peoples in North America use to describe individuals who fulfill traditional non-conforming roles?
- Two-spirit (correct)
- Transgender
- Non-binary
- Gender-fluid
How do family socialization methods begin affecting children's gender expectations?
How do family socialization methods begin affecting children's gender expectations?
- Parents ignore gender distinctions in rearing.
- Gender roles are enforced through equal treatment.
- Children are given gender-neutral toys.
- Children's gender is assigned based on their clothing. (correct)
In terms of education, what hidden curriculum do girls learn that is detrimental to their self-worth?
In terms of education, what hidden curriculum do girls learn that is detrimental to their self-worth?
- That they are more competent than boys.
- That they should be assertive in class.
- That they should pursue leadership positions.
- That they are not as important as boys. (correct)
What is a common portrayal of step-mothers in media, especially as per the mentioned content?
What is a common portrayal of step-mothers in media, especially as per the mentioned content?
Which of the following is NOT one of the traditional expectations applied to boys in early childhood?
Which of the following is NOT one of the traditional expectations applied to boys in early childhood?
What is the social belief regarding gender that is widely supported, as mentioned in the content?
What is the social belief regarding gender that is widely supported, as mentioned in the content?
In media, what form of representation is mentioned as being particularly problematic for reinforcing gender norms?
In media, what form of representation is mentioned as being particularly problematic for reinforcing gender norms?
How do boys and girls typically receive feedback in educational settings based on the content?
How do boys and girls typically receive feedback in educational settings based on the content?
What does toxic masculinity primarily refer to?
What does toxic masculinity primarily refer to?
Which sociological approach focuses on the roles of men and women in maintaining societal cohesiveness?
Which sociological approach focuses on the roles of men and women in maintaining societal cohesiveness?
What are 'instrumental roles' traditionally associated with in functionalist theory?
What are 'instrumental roles' traditionally associated with in functionalist theory?
What is the primary focus of conflict theory regarding gender?
What is the primary focus of conflict theory regarding gender?
Which of the following traits is often considered a negative characteristic associated with femininity?
Which of the following traits is often considered a negative characteristic associated with femininity?
What does the term 'doing gender' in symbolic interactionism refer to?
What does the term 'doing gender' in symbolic interactionism refer to?
According to the content, what forced women into the homemaker role during the industrial revolution?
According to the content, what forced women into the homemaker role during the industrial revolution?
What is the distinction between sex and gender as described in the content?
What is the distinction between sex and gender as described in the content?
How do gender-specific expectations in schools particularly affect students?
How do gender-specific expectations in schools particularly affect students?
What issue is highlighted by documentaries like 'Killing Us Softly' and 'Tough Guise'?
What issue is highlighted by documentaries like 'Killing Us Softly' and 'Tough Guise'?
What change has been observed in female participation in education, especially in STEM fields?
What change has been observed in female participation in education, especially in STEM fields?
How does gender ideology typically view roles and traits associated with men and women?
How does gender ideology typically view roles and traits associated with men and women?
What does sex typically refer to in the context of biological distinction?
What does sex typically refer to in the context of biological distinction?
What effect does toxic masculinity have on men according to the content?
What effect does toxic masculinity have on men according to the content?
What is an example of hegemonic masculinity?
What is an example of hegemonic masculinity?
Which term describes the idea that one's gender identity corresponds with the sex assigned at birth?
Which term describes the idea that one's gender identity corresponds with the sex assigned at birth?
What is one impact of hegemonic masculinity on women?
What is one impact of hegemonic masculinity on women?
What is emphasized femininity primarily characterized by?
What is emphasized femininity primarily characterized by?
How does the concept of gender as a social construct manifest in society?
How does the concept of gender as a social construct manifest in society?
How do media portrayals typically affect perceptions of women and men?
How do media portrayals typically affect perceptions of women and men?
What ongoing challenge exists despite shifts towards equality in gender portrayals?
What ongoing challenge exists despite shifts towards equality in gender portrayals?
What does it mean to identify as non-binary?
What does it mean to identify as non-binary?
What could be a consequence of the societal pressure towards a rigid understanding of masculinity?
What could be a consequence of the societal pressure towards a rigid understanding of masculinity?
How are non-binary individuals defined?
How are non-binary individuals defined?
Which statement accurately describes the experience of intersex individuals?
Which statement accurately describes the experience of intersex individuals?
What is one observed trend in parenting regarding gender roles?
What is one observed trend in parenting regarding gender roles?
What does the term transgender encompass?
What does the term transgender encompass?
Which aspect reflects a significant shift in societal perceptions of femininity over time?
Which aspect reflects a significant shift in societal perceptions of femininity over time?
Why do preferred pronouns matter in inclusivity practices?
Why do preferred pronouns matter in inclusivity practices?
Which of the following disrupts the binary understanding of sex?
Which of the following disrupts the binary understanding of sex?
What does the concept of intersex challenge in traditional gender discourse?
What does the concept of intersex challenge in traditional gender discourse?
What is one common misconception about gender roles in families?
What is one common misconception about gender roles in families?
What common characteristic defines the 'ideal' male according to Connell's concept of masculinity?
What common characteristic defines the 'ideal' male according to Connell's concept of masculinity?
In what way has the definition of masculinity shown less change over the past decades compared to femininity?
In what way has the definition of masculinity shown less change over the past decades compared to femininity?
What does the Functionalist Perspective view traditional gender roles as?
What does the Functionalist Perspective view traditional gender roles as?
According to Conflict Theory, traditional gender roles are linked to which of the following?
According to Conflict Theory, traditional gender roles are linked to which of the following?
What is the focus of the Symbolic Interactionist Perspective on gender?
What is the focus of the Symbolic Interactionist Perspective on gender?
Judith Butler challenges the idea that gender roles are linked to what?
Judith Butler challenges the idea that gender roles are linked to what?
What concept does Patricia Hill Collins develop to showcase how various factors intersect?
What concept does Patricia Hill Collins develop to showcase how various factors intersect?
What does intersectionality highlight about gender inequities?
What does intersectionality highlight about gender inequities?
What unique challenges do diverse identities experience within societal systems?
What unique challenges do diverse identities experience within societal systems?
What is the objective of Canada's GBA+ (Gender-Based Analysis Plus)?
What is the objective of Canada's GBA+ (Gender-Based Analysis Plus)?
Flashcards
Non-binary Gender Identity
Non-binary Gender Identity
A gender identity that is not exclusively male or female.
Drag Performance
Drag Performance
A stylized performance where someone dresses and acts out a gender different from their assigned sex at birth.
Two-Spirit
Two-Spirit
A term used by some Indigenous North Americans to describe people who defy conventional gender roles.
Gender Socialization (Family)
Gender Socialization (Family)
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Hidden Curriculum (Education)
Hidden Curriculum (Education)
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Gender Binary
Gender Binary
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Gender in Media
Gender in Media
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Gender Ideology
Gender Ideology
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Sex
Sex
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Gender
Gender
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Masculinity
Masculinity
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Femininity
Femininity
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Cisgender
Cisgender
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Intersex
Intersex
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Transgender
Transgender
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Non-binary
Non-binary
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Sex Reassignment
Sex Reassignment
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Toxic Masculinity
Toxic Masculinity
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Hegemonic Masculinity
Hegemonic Masculinity
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Instrumental Roles
Instrumental Roles
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Expressive Roles
Expressive Roles
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Doing Gender
Doing Gender
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Gender Socialization
Gender Socialization
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Sex vs. Gender
Sex vs. Gender
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Social Construction of Gender
Social Construction of Gender
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Sex as a Binary
Sex as a Binary
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Biological Variation
Biological Variation
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Gender Roles
Gender Roles
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Emphasized Femininity
Emphasized Femininity
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Functionalist Perspective on Gender
Functionalist Perspective on Gender
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Conflict Theory on Gender
Conflict Theory on Gender
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Symbolic Interactionism on Gender
Symbolic Interactionism on Gender
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Gender Performance
Gender Performance
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Matrix of Domination
Matrix of Domination
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Intersectionality
Intersectionality
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What is Sexual Harassment?
What is Sexual Harassment?
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GBA+ (Gender-Based Analysis Plus)
GBA+ (Gender-Based Analysis Plus)
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Gendered Expectations in Schools
Gendered Expectations in Schools
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Impact of Gender Stereotypes on Career Paths
Impact of Gender Stereotypes on Career Paths
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Media's Role in Gender Stereotypes
Media's Role in Gender Stereotypes
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Gender Ideology: The Binary
Gender Ideology: The Binary
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Masculinity and Societal Expectations
Masculinity and Societal Expectations
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Femininity and Societal Expectations
Femininity and Societal Expectations
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Toxic Masculinity: The Problem
Toxic Masculinity: The Problem
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Impact of Toxic Masculinity on Men
Impact of Toxic Masculinity on Men
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Study Notes
Lecture Notes
- Two music videos were introduced: "If I Was a Boy" by Beyoncé and "Stupid Girls" by Pink.
- Beyoncé's video explored the male perspective, portraying boys as uncaring, unappreciative, and aggressive.
- Pink's video explored the stereotypical image of a girl, depicting her as thin, blonde, often dumb, and incapable.
- The versions of masculinity and femininity presented were viewed as binary opposites.
- Biological sex is a person's physical anatomy.
- Gender is a socially constructed idea about the characteristics associated with girls/boys/women/men.
- Gender is socially constructed; it is learned rather than inherent.
- Masculinity and femininity are socially constructed categories, and societal expectations vary over time and across cultures.
- Masculinity is associated with traits like success, reliability and heterosexuality.
- Femininity is associated with traits like attractiveness, supportiveness, and pleasing others.
- The ideal of gender has shifted over time.
- There are various ways to understand gender beyond the binary.
Sex
- Biological sex is literally the physical anatomy.
- A binary division of male and female is implied by a person's physical body parts.
- Biological sex is categorized based on physical characteristics.
Gender
- Gender is socially constructed (e.g. expectations, values).
- Socially constructed characteristics associated with girls/boys/women/men.
- Masculinity and femininity are perceived as binary opposites.
- The sex assigned at birth shapes our expectations of gender roles.
Connell (1987)
- Offers an idea of masculinity as the desirable standard that men strive to achieve, tied to heterosexuality and strength.
- Femininity focused on ideas of beauty, supportiveness, and caregiving.
Emphasized Femininity
- Idealized female characteristics (looks, approachability, emotions).
- Traits like beauty, availability, and attentiveness to male desires are emphasized.
Shifts Over Time
- The ideal image of women has changed over time.
- The idea of what it means to be a 'good' man or 'good' woman has changed over time.
- Men's traits were viewed as constant.
Cisgender
- People who identify with the sex they were assigned at birth.
Problematizing the Binary
- The idea that sex and gender are categorized into two distinct categories (male and female) is problematic.
- Intersex individuals are born with characteristics that blend or differ from sex-typical traits.
Transgender
- An umbrella term for those whose gender identity differs from their sex assigned at birth.
- Includes transexuals, transvestites, and others who identify outside the gender binary.
Non-Binary
- Individuals whose gender identity falls outside the binary categories of male and female.
- Their gender identity can be identified as they/them or in another way.
Doing Drag
- Performance of gender roles, typically done for artistic or entertainment purposes.
- Individuals dress up in the clothing of the opposite gender.
Two-Spirit
- Indigenous people's concept of someone who fulfills a non-conformist role.
Family Expectations
- Early exposure to gender norms, beginning even at birth.
- Gender-differentiated expectations and upbringing.
- Parents exhibit varying treatment based on the gender of their children.
Reproducing Gender: Education
- Gendered teaching methods, and hidden curriculum.
Reproducing Gender: Media
- Reinforcement of gender norms through media (e.g., music videos, movies, commercials).
- Media frequently perpetuates stereotypical gender roles.
Disney
- Media perpetuates gender stereotypes.
Modern Day Issues
- Many young adult books often reinforce stereotypical gender portrayals.
Ideology of Gender
- Gender is a binary, with male-female differences seen as inherent.
- This ideology reinforces inequality and social expectations.
- Gender traits are viewed as important based on societal norms.
Toxic Masculinity
- Harmful aspects of traditional masculine traits, including emotional suppression, violence, and aggression.
Patriarchy
- System where men hold power, emphasizing male dominance and female subordination.
- This concept reinforces gendered norms and expectations.
Gender Inequality in the Workplace
- Gendered divisions of labor, lower wages for women in similar positions, and barriers to advancement.
- Systemic issues create discrepancies in opportunities available to females in workplaces.
Violence and Victimization
- Women, especially Indigenous women, are disproportionately impacted by violence, including domestic violence, sexual assault, and murder.
- COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated existing gender-based violence.
Sexual Harassment
- Harassment is a pervasive and unwelcome behavior affecting individuals of different genders.
Sociological Approaches to Gender
- Functionalism
- Conflict theory
- Symbolic interactionism. (explaining how gender is socially constructed)
Textbook Notes Chapter 9
- Defining sex and gender.
- Biological differences versus socially constructed concepts of gender.
- Oversimplifying sex to two categories is problematic.
Intersections
- Socioeconomic factors further compound the gendered experience.
- Gender stereotypes are frequently perpetuated.
- Gender inequality is intertwined with other inequalities (e.g., race, ethnicity, sexual orientation).
Cultural Representation of Gender
- Increasing visibility of transgender and non-binary individuals in media.
- Social acceptance is improving through diverse media portrayals.
Inclusivity Practices
- Growing use of preferred pronouns, more diverse societal acceptance of gender expression.
Education
- Gendered learning environments
- Gender-neutral practices in schools.
- Gender differences affecting academic success.
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