Gender Ideologies and Violence
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Questions and Answers

What has been a significant consequence of the imposition of the Canadian Fisheries Act on Gitxaala food harvesting practices?

  • It has increased the availability of resources for the Gitxaala community.
  • It has allowed Gitxaala community members to maintain their traditional harvesting practices.
  • It has led to a resurgence of traditional ecological knowledge among community members.
  • It has criminalized aboriginal food harvesting, limiting access to traditional resources. (correct)

Which concept reflects the idea that economic activities are influenced by social class and identity in the context of Gitxaala traditions?

  • Social Darwinism
  • Cultural Capital
  • Habitus
  • Intersectionality (correct)

How does the Gitxaala community primarily define ownership of larger resources or properties?

  • By temporary agreements with neighboring tribes.
  • By house groups as collective ownership. (correct)
  • By individual possession and personal wealth.
  • Through bureaucratic legal structures.

What does the concept of 'laxyuup' signify in Gitxaala culture?

<p>A deep emotional and cultural connection to traditional territories. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the understanding of cultural significance related to wealth and prestige important in studying Gitxaala society?

<p>It shows how historical practices influence modern class structures. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do place names play in modern Gitxaala identity?

<p>They help maintain a collective memory and connection to traditional territory. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant impact of the reserve approach to demarcating traditional territories for the Gitxaala people?

<p>It ignored the historical connections between land and identity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following practices is central to the traditional food systems of Gitxaala?

<p>Integrating traditional ecological knowledge into food harvesting. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of seaweed in Gitxaala culture?

<p>It is an important part of the diet and is incorporated into almost every meal. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is seaweed typically prepared after harvesting in Gitxaala?

<p>It is dried on special cedar boards or on the rocks where it is picked. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of Gitxaala society is heavily focused on the capacity to harvest surpluses?

<p>Social rank and prestige. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following forms of evidence supports the existence of trade practices in Gitxaala culture?

<p>Ethnographic data, linguistic data, and oral histories. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term do the Gitxaala people find offensive in relation to their fishing practices?

<p>Subsistence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the adaawx describe in relation to Gitxaala trade?

<p>History of trading relations, alliances, and conflicts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the establishment of trade terms considered important in linguistics related to Gitxaala?

<p>It infers active participation in trade within the community. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Gitxaala system of wealth and prestige emphasize?

<p>Accumulation of surpluses and social status. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the stone traps found throughout Gitxaala Territory?

<p>To catch fish during spawning season (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why have smaller salmon runs been disproportionately affected by commercial fishing?

<p>They are primarily intercepted at sea. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'laxyuup' refer to within the Gitxaala governance system?

<p>House territories linked to clan identity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Indigenous governance differ from capitalist society in decision-making?

<p>It emphasizes collective ownership and community relations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT considered a 'Valued Component' in the Gitxaala environmental assessment process?

<p>Technological advancements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hereditary leaders in Gitxaala society?

<p>To maintain the status and position of their laxyuup (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of egalitarian societies compared to capitalist societies?

<p>Greater emphasis on leisure and community time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept reflects the idea that territory in Gitxaala cannot be owned individually?

<p>Collective property rights (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the Indigenous communities taking the government to court?

<p>Permitted defense of Indigenous authority (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the concept of 'valued components' in environmental assessments?

<p>They are political and objective indicators of environmental conditions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How has commercial fishing impacted the ecosystem of Gitxaala?

<p>Decreased smaller salmon populations significantly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Gitxaala culture, what is the significance of wealth and prestige?

<p>It serves as a reflection of communal relationships and responsibilities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What insight does the 'affluent society' concept offer regarding hunter-gatherer lifestyles?

<p>They spent a large proportion of their time on leisure activities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Gitxaala Abalone Processing

Gitxaala people have been processing abalone for food for at least 2,500 years, and a key part of this traditional practice involves removing the shell during processing.

Indigenous Governance

Indigenous governance systems focus on communal or collective ownership, unlike capitalist societies which emphasize individual ownership and decision-making.

Clans (Gitxaala)

Gitxaala society is organized into clans, including Ghanada (raven), Laskeek (eagle), Gispuwada (blackfish), and Laxgibou (wolf).

Wil'naat'al

A group of matrilineally linked walps in Gitxaala society.

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Walps

Matrilineal house groups in Gitxaala society.

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Laxyuup

House territories in Gitxaala society, where chiefs have authority and provisioning for feasts originates.

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Capitalist Property Regime

A system of property ownership where individuals have rights to sell and buy property.

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Indigenous Property

Indigenous property is a culturally defined concept distinct from capitalist norms; characterized by communal ownership and non-alienation.

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Valued Components (EA process)

Fundamental elements (e.g., air, water, wildlife) of a region, used to track and assess potential environmental effects of projects in BC's environmental assessment process.

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Egalitarian Societies

Societies historically characterized by more leisure time and less social inequality compared to modern capitalist societies.

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Labour Theory of Value (Marx)

A theory that states that the value of a product comes from the labour required to make it; workers' labour is seen as exploited by capitalists who profit from it.

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Salmon Traps

Gitxaala use adaptable salmon traps in response to salmon migration. Understanding fish behaviour and location is key to their success.

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Commercial Fishing Impacts

Commercial fishing targeting salmon at sea negatively affects smaller salmon runs, leading to their depletion.

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Affluent Society

A concept referring to the abundance of resources in hunter-gatherer societies, often misinterpreted to imply societies are primitive.

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Indigenous Authority

Indigenous peoples' right to self-determination and the recognition of their traditional laws is integral to maintaining control over their territories and lives.

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Indigenous Land Theft

The act of taking land from Indigenous peoples, often by force or under false pretenses.

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Intersectionality

A way of understanding how different social categories (e.g., race, class, gender) combine to create unique experiences of oppression and privilege.

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Culture of Poverty

A harmful theory that blames poverty on cultural factors, rather than systemic issues.

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Kin-Ordered Society

A social system where group ownership and collective responsibility are central, often based on kinship ties.

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Gitxaala Identity

The unique cultural identity and way of life of the Gitxaala people, deeply connected to their territory.

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Traditional Territory

The land traditionally occupied and used by a specific Indigenous group.

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Canadian Fisheries Act

A Canadian law that restricted Indigenous access to resources and established regulations affecting Indigenous fishing.

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Sebassah (T'sibasaa)

A pivotal figure in establishing reserves for the Gitxaala people.

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Gitxaala Trade

The Gitxaala people engaged in trade with neighboring First Nations, exchanging food, shells, and other goods for economic gain and social status.

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Types of Trade Evidence

Evidence of Gitxaala trade comes from historical accounts, language, and specific terms used to describe trade items.

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Gitxaala and 'Subsistence'

The term 'subsistence' is offensive to the Gitxaala because it implies a limited amount of resources, while they actually value wealth and surplus.

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Seaweed in Gitxaala Diet

Seaweed is a vital part of the Gitxaala diet, incorporated into almost every meal and harvested on the rocky shores.

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Gitxaala Seal and Seal Lion Use

Gitxaala people utilize all parts of seals and sea lions, reflecting their resourcefulness and respect for the animals.

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Gitxaala and Human Impact on Beaches

The Gitxaala people have a long history of influencing the shape of their beaches through direct human activities.

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Gitxaala Rank and Prestige

The Gitxaala society places importance on wealth and social status, often determined by the ability to accumulate surpluses.

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Gitxaala Fisheries Transformation

The arrival of Europeans significantly altered traditional Gitxaala fishing practices and resource management.

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Study Notes

Gender Ideologies and Violence

  • Gendered violence is tolerated in societies with stark gender roles.
  • Victim blaming and disempowerment contribute to this tolerance.
  • Gendered violence is less prevalent in societies with less stringent gender distinctions.
  • A case study of high school girls revealed that 24% thought about their bodies constantly and 31% most of the time.
  • "Fat talk" was found to be a form of solidarity among girls.
  • Media, food, and fashion contribute to pressure on young women regarding their bodies.
  • Fishing crews are primarily male.
  • The concept of androcentrism places a masculine point of view at the centre of culture, marginalising femininity, and often marginalises women.
  • Male-dominated environments often require women to adopt masculine qualities.

Androcentric Cultures & Violence

  • Androcentrism is the cultural practice of primarily focusing on a masculine perspective, thus marginalizing femininity.
  • Majority of family violence victims are women.
  • Violence against women by men is greater than violence against men by women.

Traditional Ecological Knowledge

  • Local scientific environmental knowledge includes understanding of processes and functional relationships within ecosystems, ethical codes of conduct, observation, pattern recognition, and modification of practices.
  • The practice of fishing utilizes understanding of living patterns of different animal species for optimal results.
  • Specific knowledge about harvesting various kinds of seafood are common practices.
  • Abalone have been harvested around specific regions for thousands of years.
  • Important to acknowledge that knowledge of environment and resources is important for effective resource use.

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Description

Explore the connections between gender ideologies and violence in society. This quiz examines concepts of victim blaming, gendered violence, and the impact of media on body image among young women. Discover how androcentrism influences cultural perspectives and contributes to these issues.

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