Gender and Development Overview
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Questions and Answers

What does GAD stand for?

Gender and Development

What are the six levels of gender awareness?

Gender Blind, Gender Aware, Gender Sensitive, Gender Responsive, Gender Fair/Equity, Gender Accountable

Gender is defined as the biological characteristics of being male or female.

False (B)

What is the purpose of the "Parable of the Blind Men and the Elephant"?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four phases of the sexual response cycle?

<p>Excitement, Plateau, Orgasm, Resolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three categories of gender roles?

<p>Productive, Reproductive, Community</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the key agents of gender socialization?

<p>Family, School, Media, Church, Workplace</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gender roles are fixed and unchanging.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Sex

The biological characteristics that distinguish males from females, such as chromosomes, hormones, and reproductive organs.

Gender

Socially constructed expectations, roles, and behaviors associated with being male or female.

Gender Socialization

The process by which individuals learn and internalize the norms, behaviors, and attitudes associated with their assigned sex.

Agents of Gender Socialization

People or institutions that influence an individual's values, beliefs, and behaviors, including family, school, media, and church.

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Gender and Development (GAD)

A perspective on development that recognizes the unique needs, experiences, and contributions of women and men.

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Gender Equality

A state where women and men have equal opportunities, resources, and power.

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Gender Equity

A state where women and men have the resources they need to succeed, even if it means different opportunities.

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Gender Awareness

The recognition that gender differences exist and are not always fair or desirable.

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Gender Sensitivity

The understanding of the underlying causes of gender inequalities.

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Gender Responsive

Programs and processes designed to address gender concerns and promote gender equality.

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Gender Blind

A state where gender is not considered in decision-making, potentially creating inequalities.

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Gender Roles

The socially defined roles and responsibilities assigned to men and women based on their perceived gender differences.

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Gender Division of Labor

The division of tasks and responsibilities based on gender, which can lead to inequalities.

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Gender Gap

Differences in opportunities, resources, and power between men and women.

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Gender Socialization

The process by which individuals learn about their gender role and how to behave in ways that are considered appropriate for their sex.

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Sexuality

The socially constructed expectations and behaviors associated with attraction, sexual activity, and sexual identity.

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Sex

The organs and physical characteristics that distinguish males from females, such as genitalia and hormones.

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Sex Roles

The set of behaviors and practices associated with a person's reproductive capabilities, including roles like motherhood and fatherhood.

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Primary Sex Characteristics

The primary sex characteristics evident at birth, including the genitals.

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Secondary Sex Characteristics

The secondary sex characteristics that develop during puberty, such as breasts, facial hair, and body shape.

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Canalization

The process of directing a child's attention toward gender-appropriate toys and activities.

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Manipulation

Treating girls and boys differently, even as infants, based on their sex.

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Verbal Appellation

Verbal cues and labels used to reinforce gender expectations.

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Gender Equality

The belief that all individuals should have equal opportunities and resources, regardless of gender.

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Women's Empowerment

The belief that women are capable of contributing to development and should be active participants in shaping their own future.

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Parable of the Blind Men and the Elephant

A parable that highlights the importance of considering different perspectives and appreciating the contributions of all individuals.

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Family-Centered Development

A set of values and beliefs that prioritize the needs of families and communities over individual desires.

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Study Notes

Gender and Society Overview

  • The course examines gender and society, specifically focusing on Gender and Development (GAD)
  • The course covers understanding sex, sexuality, and gender
  • The course will cover the meaning of sex and sexuality, sex roles and morality, the meaning of gender, and theoretical perspectives of gender
  • GAD is an approach to development that considers women's needs and perspectives.
  • GAD was adopted by national governments in the 1980s.
  • GAD promotes participatory processes, empowerment, and sustainable development.
  • Communities and institutions should be free from violence, respect human rights, and support self-determination and human potential

Defining Development

  • Economic development focuses on factors such as market growth, modernization, infrastructure improvement, and trade/employment.
  • There's also a "People-Centered" approach to development.

Gender and Development (GAD)

  • GAD aims to achieve gender equality, reflected in development choices.
  • It emphasizes women's role as active agents of development, rather than passive recipients.
  • Gender equality necessitates equitable sharing of responsibilities, power, authority, and benefits between women and men.

Gender Milestones

  • Gender Blind: Lack of recognition that gender is a determinant of life choices in society.
  • Gender Aware: Acknowledgment of gender inequality and the differences in access to resources and opportunities between men and women.
  • Gender Sensitive: Understanding the underlying causes of gender inequality and its effects. Recognizing identifiable problems resulting from this.
  • Gender Responsive: Implementing programs, projects, and processes that systematically address gender concerns and issues.
  • Gender Fair/Equity: A society where both men and women are equitably responsible for roles, power, authority, and benefit.
  • Gender Accountable: An organization that takes responsibility to make gender an integral part of its operations.

Concepts of Gender

  • Gender is socially constructed and based on categories and roles of femininity and masculinity, and is influenced by time and place.
  • Gender is a set of qualities, roles, responsibilities, attitudes, and values assigned by culture and society to those identified as women and men.
  • Gender is not static; it is subject to change.

Gender Sensitivity

  • Sensitivity involves acknowledging and understanding the varied perspectives of men and women based on their experiences, interests, and social locations.

Core Messages on Gender Sensitivity

  • The core messages relate sex and gender to aspects of family, school, church, media, and widen/wad.
  • Messages connect these factors to gender inequality and equality.

Sex and Sexuality

  • Sex refers to biological characteristics (e.g., chromosomes, reproductive organs).
  • Human Sexuality encompasses knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, values, and behaviours of individuals.

Primary and Secondary Sex Characteristics

  • Primary sex characteristics differentiate biological males and females.
  • Secondary sex characteristics are physical changes associated with puberty.

Sex Roles

  • They are typically socially coded behaviours and practices related to reproductive capacities, involving traditional roles like motherhood for women and fatherhood for men.
  • There are differences between female and male roles regarding reproduction (gestation, lactation, childbearing vs. fertilization, sperm production).

Human Sexuality

  • Understanding human sexuality involves investigating anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, individual roles, thoughts, feelings, behaviours, and relationships during different stages.

Sexual Response Cycle

  • A cyclical sequence with stages of excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.

Christianity's View of Sex

  • Christianity views sex as a gift to be celebrated and practiced as God intended (for pleasure, procreation, and intended purposes).

Gender Division of Labor

  • Typically men occupy the productive role (generating income) and women fill the reproductive roles (childcare, household duties, family care).
  • Both contribute to community activities and projects.

Gender Gap

  • A condition where men and women in a culture or society have unequal access to and unequal valuation of resources.

Gender Socialization

  • The process that shapes an individual's values, attitudes, behaviour and beliefs about gender, often during childhood.
  • Key agents include family, school, media, church, and the workplace.

Agents of Gender Socialization

  • Family: Plays a crucial role in shaping children's values and beliefs about gender roles through verbal appellations, and actions, and can involve manipulation of behaviors based on gender.
  • School: Gendered lessons, unequal treatment of male and female students, and gender bias in textbooks, computer softwares, and teaching styles.
  • Media: Reinforces gender stereotypes and discrimination, based on the portrayal of men and women.
  • Church: Religious texts and doctrines often uphold gender roles, leading to a view of women and men as unequal.
  • Workplace: Often presents unequal pay structures and relations, and can involve gender-related discrimination or harassment.

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Description

Explore the critical intersections of gender and society through the lens of Gender and Development (GAD). This quiz examines the concepts of sex, sexuality, gender roles, and the evolution of GAD as a framework aiming for gender equality and empowerment. Delve into economic development factors and people-centered approaches to achieving sustainable progress.

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