Geluid en Evenwicht

The process by which sound waves are converted into electrical signals that the brain can interpret.

The intensity of a sound wave, measured in decibels (dB).

The membrane within the cochlea that vibrates in response to sound waves.

Specialized sensory cells in the cochlea that convert sound vibrations into electrical signals.

The stronger the vibration of the basilar membrane, the more electrical signals are sent to the brain, resulting in a louder perception of sound.

The more hair cells activated, the louder the perceived sound.

The transmission of sound through the bones of the skull, bypassing the outer and middle ear.

Bone conduction is an alternative route for sound transmission, especially useful for individuals with outer or middle ear problems, such as otitis media.

Bone conduction plays a role in providing feedback for voice control.

When the ear canal is closed (e.g., by plugging it), bone conduction becomes more prominent, making the sound louder because vibrations cannot escape.

Occlusion effect is more pronounced for low-frequency sounds because they leak out more easily from the ear canal.

The sensory organ responsible for balance, located in the inner ear.

One of the two chambers within the vestibular system; contains sensory cells that respond to linear acceleration and head position.

One of the two chambers within the vestibular system; contains sensory cells that respond to linear acceleration and head position.

Small, dense crystals found in the saccule and utricle that move in response to gravity and head movements, activating sensory hair cells.

Three fluid-filled loops within the vestibular system that are sensitive to rotational movements of the head.

The enlarged end of each semicircular canal; contains sensory hair cells that detect head rotation.

A gelatinous structure in the ampulla that moves with the fluid in the canal during head rotations, stimulating hair cells.

The process of integrating information from the visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive systems to maintain balance and control body movements.

Reflexes that help maintain posture and balance by responding to signals from the vestibular system.

A reflex that stabilizes eye movements during head movements, ensuring clear vision.

The outer ear consists of the pinna and the ear canal.

A funnel-shaped structure that collects sound waves and directs them into the ear canal.

A tube that carries sound waves from the pinna to the eardrum.

The ear canal resonates and amplifies specific frequencies, especially those important for speech (2000-3000Hz).

The air-filled cavity behind the eardrum, containing the ossicles.

Three tiny bones in the middle ear that transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the oval window of the inner ear.

The middle ear adjusts the impedance mismatch between air and fluid, preventing sound loss.

Lever action of the ossicles, allowing for amplification of sound.

The difference in surface area between the eardrum and the oval window, amplifying sound pressure.