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Questions and Answers
Which virtue was emphasized in Kwan's martial arts teachings during the post Chinese civil war era?
Which virtue was emphasized in Kwan's martial arts teachings during the post Chinese civil war era?
What film genre did Louis Cha Leung-yung and Liang Yusheng help to establish?
What film genre did Louis Cha Leung-yung and Liang Yusheng help to establish?
What notable theme did Chang Cheh introduce in his martial arts films?
What notable theme did Chang Cheh introduce in his martial arts films?
Which film directed by Chang Cheh features a character that fights multiple opponents?
Which film directed by Chang Cheh features a character that fights multiple opponents?
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Which actor is well-known for his role in '36th Chamber of Shaolin'?
Which actor is well-known for his role in '36th Chamber of Shaolin'?
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What production studio is often referred to as the 'Hollywood of the East'?
What production studio is often referred to as the 'Hollywood of the East'?
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In which era did Shaw Brothers Studio produce over 1000 movies?
In which era did Shaw Brothers Studio produce over 1000 movies?
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What was Kwan's approach to dealing with villains in his martial arts teachings?
What was Kwan's approach to dealing with villains in his martial arts teachings?
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What was the percentage of the population aged 15 to 29 in Hong Kong in 1981?
What was the percentage of the population aged 15 to 29 in Hong Kong in 1981?
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Which year saw the highest growth percentage change in the population aged 15 to 29 from the previous decade?
Which year saw the highest growth percentage change in the population aged 15 to 29 from the previous decade?
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In 1996, what was the total number of persons aged 15 and over at matriculation level or taking degree courses?
In 1996, what was the total number of persons aged 15 and over at matriculation level or taking degree courses?
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By what percentage did the number of persons aged 15 and over at matriculation level increase from 1971 to 1981?
By what percentage did the number of persons aged 15 and over at matriculation level increase from 1971 to 1981?
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What was the share of the population aged 15 and over at matriculation level in 1976?
What was the share of the population aged 15 and over at matriculation level in 1976?
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What was the total population aged 15 to 29 in Hong Kong in 1971?
What was the total population aged 15 to 29 in Hong Kong in 1971?
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How much did the number of persons aged 15 and over at matriculation level change from 1981 to 1986?
How much did the number of persons aged 15 and over at matriculation level change from 1981 to 1986?
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What social conditions contributed to Hollywood's ability to expand in Hong Kong?
What social conditions contributed to Hollywood's ability to expand in Hong Kong?
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In 2001, what percentage of the population aged 15 and over was at matriculation level or taking degree courses?
In 2001, what percentage of the population aged 15 and over was at matriculation level or taking degree courses?
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What institutional setting posed challenges for Hollywood in overseas markets?
What institutional setting posed challenges for Hollywood in overseas markets?
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What was established in 1987 that impacted Hong Kong's film distribution?
What was established in 1987 that impacted Hong Kong's film distribution?
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What economic challenge did major distributors face in the 1990s?
What economic challenge did major distributors face in the 1990s?
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Which significant change occurred in the mid-1990s regarding cinemas?
Which significant change occurred in the mid-1990s regarding cinemas?
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What does the saying 'Content is King' imply in the context of the film industry?
What does the saying 'Content is King' imply in the context of the film industry?
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What was a consequence of the rising price of retail space in Hong Kong?
What was a consequence of the rising price of retail space in Hong Kong?
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What aspect of the film industry does 'the bigger the better' refer to?
What aspect of the film industry does 'the bigger the better' refer to?
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What was a characteristic of the early film studios like Shaw Brothers?
What was a characteristic of the early film studios like Shaw Brothers?
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What was one driving factor behind Hollywood's initial success in foreign markets?
What was one driving factor behind Hollywood's initial success in foreign markets?
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What does the decline of the Hong Kong film industry since 1993 primarily relate to?
What does the decline of the Hong Kong film industry since 1993 primarily relate to?
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What is a key element in the tripartite mind map related to media and culture?
What is a key element in the tripartite mind map related to media and culture?
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Which of the following is NOT a method used for critical evaluation of media according to the mind map?
Which of the following is NOT a method used for critical evaluation of media according to the mind map?
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The 'Demand Side' perspective in the 1970s-1980s highlights the emergence of which cultural aspect in Hong Kong?
The 'Demand Side' perspective in the 1970s-1980s highlights the emergence of which cultural aspect in Hong Kong?
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Which analysis focuses on understanding the impact of media messages on audiences?
Which analysis focuses on understanding the impact of media messages on audiences?
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What is an example of vertical integration in the film industry?
What is an example of vertical integration in the film industry?
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What notable film cultures emerged due to the increasing educational attainment of the population?
What notable film cultures emerged due to the increasing educational attainment of the population?
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Which two key figures formed Golden Harvest?
Which two key figures formed Golden Harvest?
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What primary characteristic differentiated Golden Harvest from Shaw Brothers?
What primary characteristic differentiated Golden Harvest from Shaw Brothers?
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Which films were key in exporting Hong Kong cinema to international audiences?
Which films were key in exporting Hong Kong cinema to international audiences?
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What was a major result of the struggles between Shaw Brothers and Golden Harvest?
What was a major result of the struggles between Shaw Brothers and Golden Harvest?
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What does the presence of a distributor-led independent production system imply for the Hong Kong film industry?
What does the presence of a distributor-led independent production system imply for the Hong Kong film industry?
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How did the economic growth during the context of the industry impact film production?
How did the economic growth during the context of the industry impact film production?
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What was a direct consequence of the 1967 riots in relation to the film industry?
What was a direct consequence of the 1967 riots in relation to the film industry?
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What trend does the box office data suggest about Hong Kong movies in comparison to imported films from 1975 to 2011?
What trend does the box office data suggest about Hong Kong movies in comparison to imported films from 1975 to 2011?
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What is one reason cited for the production quality issues in Hong Kong movies?
What is one reason cited for the production quality issues in Hong Kong movies?
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What is described as the 'Cultural Imperialism' Thesis in the context of Hong Kong films?
What is described as the 'Cultural Imperialism' Thesis in the context of Hong Kong films?
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The phrase 'Content is King' suggests which of the following regarding film production?
The phrase 'Content is King' suggests which of the following regarding film production?
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What was the effect of video piracy on the Hong Kong film industry?
What was the effect of video piracy on the Hong Kong film industry?
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How has the demand for Hong Kong films in overseas markets been characterized?
How has the demand for Hong Kong films in overseas markets been characterized?
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What issue is raised regarding the reliance on presales of distribution rights for Hong Kong films?
What issue is raised regarding the reliance on presales of distribution rights for Hong Kong films?
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Which of the following best describes the production approach of Hong Kong films in recent years?
Which of the following best describes the production approach of Hong Kong films in recent years?
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Study Notes
GEJC1020: L6 Hollywood of the East
- Course focuses on the cultural industry and popular culture in Hong Kong.
- Contributors for this topic include Shin, Victor K.W. and Chiu, Stephen W.K.
Lecture Outline
- Part I: Legacies of Hong Kong movie: Impact on global action cinema.
- Part II: Sociological understanding of the Booming of Hong Kong Movie: SD & HD.
- Part III: Sociological understanding of the Decline of Hong Kong Movie: SD & HD.
Part I: Legacies of Hong Kong movie
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The global action cinema: This section explores the impact of Hong Kong movies on global action cinema.
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Examples discussed include clips of REPLY 1988 (episode 1) and A Better Tomorrow 2 (1987) and Seopyeonje (1993).
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A brief timeline of local and global action cinema (the case of Kung Fu) is presented.
- Phase 1: Building of a Kung Fu movie base in Hong Kong (approx. 1949-1973). Movie training in China and the Nanyang connection are highlighted.
- Phase 2: 'International co-production' (1973-1985) as an innovative form.
- Phase 3: Golden age of 'direct to tape' industry (1985-1993) with rapid video technology spread.
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Wong Fei-hung (黃飛鴻): Over 100 films featured this late Qing dynasty Chinese folk hero (Canton area). Kwan Tak-hing was the earliest actor in Huang Fei-hong zhuan (1949).
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Kwan Tak-hing (關德興): Appeared 77 times in movies as Wong Fei-hung.
- Became a record holder.
- Born in Guangzhou.
- First martial art film debut in US 1932.
- First martial arts film 1936.
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Hong Kong movie production: A brief historical period overview is provided. (e.g., from 1953-1970s). Tables of figures include character details (name, title) and publication data (dates).
Part II: Sociological understanding of the Booming of Hong Kong Movie
- "Puzzle": What caused the booming of the Hong Kong Film industry (SD & HD).
- "Context": What were the conditions that allowed this booming?
- "Agents": Who played key roles in this success?
- Box Office: Data presented on box office takings of local and imported films between 1975 and 2012 for Hong Kong movies.
- Standard Definitions: Conventional understandings, including Content is King, the bigger the better, overseas market and film exports.
- Early Days: Big studios like Shaw Brothers and a system of long contracts for artists. Scheduling production and integrated distributor/exhibition are important aspects.
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Demand Side (1970s-1980s): Emergence of local "Hong Kong Identity" & new middle class film culture.
- Film Example: Michael Hui - The Private Eyes trailer (1976)
Part III: Sociological understanding of the Decline of Hong Kong Movie
- The "Puzzle": What caused the decline of the Hong Kong film industry?
- The "Context": Background to the decline.
- "Agents": Key figures involved in the decline and their actions.
- Box office: Data on local and imported films between 1975 and 2012 are presented.
- The Myths: Common sense interpretations, including spread of video piracy, reliance of presales of distribution rights, and Hollywood's global dominance.
- Cultural Imperialism Thesis: Herbert I. Schiller's concept of communication and cultural domination is examined.
- Industry Cluster: Analysis of United International Pictures (UIP) (1981).
Demand & Supply Side:
- Demand Side (1970s-80s): Rise in Hong Kong identity and middle-class film culture. Key figures include Michael Hui.
- Supply Side (1970-1990s and beyond): Distributor-led independent production system. Emergence of the "New Wave" and a new generation of filmmakers. Figures such as Tsui Hark, Ann Hui, Patrick Tam, Wong Kar-Wai and John Woo are mentioned.
- Deregulation (1980s): Initial TV licensing requirements are lessened.
- Analysis of the growing number of cinemas showing Hong Kong movies from 1977 to 1985
Implications from the "New"
- Major Distributors of Hong Kong Movies (1997-Present)
Core Insights
- Social forces, resources for cultural enterprise, intersection of biographies and history within the wider culture.
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Description
This quiz examines the cultural impact of Hong Kong cinema, particularly its influence on global action films. It covers the historical evolution of Hong Kong movies, their legacies, and the sociological aspects surrounding their rise and decline. Participants will explore notable films and key phases in the development of action cinema.
