GEED 10013 - Understanding the Self
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal in life according to Socrates?

  • To gain knowledge for personal glory
  • To obtain happiness (correct)
  • To conform to societal norms
  • To achieve wealth and power

Which term refers to the method of teaching that involves asking and answering questions?

  • Experiential Learning
  • Socratic Dialogue (correct)
  • Dialectic Method
  • Critical Pedagogy

What are the three parts of the soul according to Plato?

  • Conscious, Subconscious, Unconscious
  • Physical, Emotional, Spiritual
  • Logical, Moral, Desirable
  • Appetitive, Spirited, Rational (correct)

What does the first part of the course aim to provide?

<p>Answers to the question 'What is the self?' from various perspectives (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the soul is driven by desire and seeks physical satisfaction?

<p>Appetitive soul (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which area does the third part of the course provide practical applications?

<p>Self-regulated learning, goal setting, and managing stress (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the spirited soul play in a person's behavior?

<p>It drives one to achieve and expect victories. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What critical life stage is particularly associated with the exploration of self and identity?

<p>Adolescence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to St. Augustine, what must one do to improve various aspects of life?

<p>Devote oneself to mending their relationship with God (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT included as a discussion topic in the course?

<p>Economic Status (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Plato's philosophy, which aspect of the soul is responsible for decision-making and planning?

<p>Rational soul (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What attitude does the course aim to develop in students regarding their learning process?

<p>A critical and reflective attitude (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes Plato's contribution to education?

<p>He established the first formal university and curriculum. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of studying philosophy according to the content?

<p>To enhance your ability to think critically and reflectively (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Socrates' philosophy contribute to the understanding of the self?

<p>It highlights the importance of knowing oneself through introspection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way is philosophy described in relation to other disciplines?

<p>As the foundational discipline from which all other fields began (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the essence of 'self' as defined in the content?

<p>A unified being connected to consciousness and agency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does philosophical inquiry encourage in relation to personal choices?

<p>Curiosity and critical reflection on life’s options (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects the philosophy's aim in shaping individual identity?

<p>It encourages exploring and reflecting to create one's envisioned self (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a virtue in Socratic philosophy?

<p>Possession of knowledge and understanding oneself (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What critical approach does philosophy teach regarding the complexities of life?

<p>To analyze and synthesize information for better understanding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does St. Augustine relate our understanding of self to God?

<p>He claims our existence in life shows we are far from God. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary contribution of René Descartes to philosophy?

<p>He is known for his systematic questioning and dualism of mind and body. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cogito ergo sum' signify in Descartes' philosophy?

<p>Thinking is the proof of one's existence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes Descartes' view on sensory perception?

<p>Sensory perceptions are often deceiving and unreliable. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method did Descartes advocate for to attain knowledge?

<p>Systematic doubt and continuous questioning. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does doubt play in Descartes' philosophy?

<p>It is essential for understanding one’s existence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does St. Augustine view external teachings in relation to personal understanding?

<p>Personal perception plays a vital role in agreement with teachings. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of one's existence does Descartes emphasize as important?

<p>Mind over body for understanding self. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept best represents Locke's view of the self?

<p>Tabula rasa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to David Hume, what characterizes the self?

<p>It is a collection of impressions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Immanuel Kant emphasize regarding the understanding of the self?

<p>It is an intuitive synthesis of experiences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key idea is Freud known for in relation to personality?

<p>The division of consciousness into levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher is known for the concept that experiences can improve or totally replace our understanding of self?

<p>David Hume (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the ego in personality theory?

<p>To mediate between the id and the super ego (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Kant's idea of 'transcendental apperception'?

<p>An essence of consciousness synthesizing experiences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of personality is characterized by self-gratification and the pleasure principle?

<p>Id (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of personality did Freud characterize in his psychoanalytic theory?

<p>A three-part model (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the unconscious mind predominantly store?

<p>Majority of our childhood memories (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a central theme of Locke's theory on personal identity?

<p>Influence of prior experiences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Gilbert Ryle, how should one's self be understood?

<p>As behavior that reflects a person's mind (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'pre-conscious' refer to in Freud's levels of consciousness?

<p>Memories that are still accessible but with some difficulty (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher argued that the self is a reflection of demonstrated behavior?

<p>Gilbert Ryle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested by 'the ghost in the machine' analogy used by Ryle?

<p>Human intelligence is a result of physical mechanisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does J. Paul Churchland emphasize for understanding the self?

<p>Improvement of associations and worth identification (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Nature of Identity

The characteristics and qualities that make up a person's sense of self.

Development of Personality Identity

The process of forming a consistent sense of self over time.

Adolescence

The period of life between childhood and adulthood typically from ages 13-19.

Self-Understanding

The process of gaining insight into one's own thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

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Philosophical Perspectives

Different ways of thinking about the nature of the self from fields like philosophy, sociology, etc.

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Disciplinal Perspectives

Different academic areas - like philosophy & psychology - providing insights into constructing the self, and views of the self.

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East vs West Perspectives

Different interpretations of the self across cultural boundaries. Often contrasting cultural values of self in the east compared to the west.

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"Know Oneself"

A philosophical concept that encourages self-reflection and understanding.

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Philosophy

The study of knowledge through rational thought, examining the nature of humans and the world.

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Self

A unified being connected to consciousness, awareness, and the ability to make choices.

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Socrates

A philosopher emphasizing self-knowledge as crucial for becoming virtuous.

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Self-knowledge

Understanding your own abilities, strengths, weaknesses, and motivations.

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Introspection

Looking inward to understand your own thoughts and feelings.

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Virtue

Moral excellence or goodness, leading to a good life (Socrates).

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Philosophy of the Self

The philosophical study of the nature of the self, its characteristics, and relations.

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Mother of all Disciplines

Philosophy is considered the foundation of the other fields of study.

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Socratic Method

A teaching method using questioning to stimulate critical thinking and explore ideas.

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Socrates' Philosophy

The goal of life is achieving happiness through self-knowledge.

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Plato and Self-Knowledge

Plato believed that adhering to truth and wisdom prevented temptation, ensuring moral conduct.

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Plato's Tripartite Soul

Plato believed the soul has three parts: appetitive, spirited, and rational.

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Appetitive Soul

Driven by physical desires and needs.

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Spirited Soul

Driven by courage and a desire to act/right wrongs.

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Rational Soul

Driven by thinking, planning and future actions.

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St. Augustine's Philosophy

Focuses on the importance of a relationship with God and its impact on life.

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St. Augustine's view on self

St. Augustine believed our understanding of ourselves is linked to God, and that our existence is meaningful because we were created in God's image.

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Descartes' Methodical Doubt

Descartes' process of questioning everything to find certain truths, a key element of his philosophy.

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Descartes' Dualism

The idea that the mind and body are distinct entities, both important to a person's self.

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Descartes' 'Cogito Ergo Sum'

Descartes' famous statement: "I think, therefore I am," meaning thinking proves existence.

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Locke's philosophy

John Locke, the Father of Classical Liberalism, had a major impact on philosophy.

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Modern Philosophy

Descartes is considered a founder of modern philosophy because of his scientific method approach to ideas and self-discovery

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Rejection of Doubtfulness

St. Augustines idea that one can have agreement to others based on individual's perception, even if not accepting everything that others tell them

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Father of Modern Philosophy

René Descartes is known as the Father of Modern Philosophy by his pioneering use of scientific methods to establish knowledge about ourselves.

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Locke's 'Tabula Rasa'

The belief that a person is born without pre-existing knowledge and that experience shapes their understanding of the world.

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Hume's Self as Impressions

Hume believed the self is a collection of sensory experiences (impressions) and does not persist beyond these fleeting moments.

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Kant's Transcendental Apperception

Kant's concept of a unified consciousness that synthesizes experiences, creating a sense of self.

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Freud's Unconscious Mind

Freud believed the unconscious mind plays a crucial role in shaping a person's sense of self, influencing behaviors and desires.

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Locke's Emphasis on Experience

Locke strongly emphasized the importance of experience in shaping a person's self and identity.

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Hume's Empiricism

Hume's work focused on the role of experience in knowledge and the self.

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Kant's Rationalism

Kant combined empiricism (knowledge from experience) and rationalism (reason and logic) in identifying the self.

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Freud's Personality Structure

Freud's idea that personality includes different levels of consciousness, like id, ego, and superego, impacting self-awareness.

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Id

The part of personality driven by pleasure; seeking self-gratification and satisfying needs.

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Super Ego

The conscience; focused on moral behavior and what society deems right.

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Ego

The mediator between Id and Super Ego; operates within reality.

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Levels of Consciousness (Freud)

Conscious, pre-conscious, and unconscious areas of the mind.

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Conscious (Mind)

Easily accessible part of memory with most limited memories.

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Pre-conscious (Mind)

Memories that can be accessed with effort; middle layer.

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Unconscious (Mind)

Deeply buried memories; hardest to access.

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Ryle's Behavioristic Self

Self is defined by observable actions and behaviors, not internal mind.

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Study Notes

GEED 10013 - Understanding the Self

  • Course Focus: Identity, personality development, and factors influencing these aspects. The course emphasizes the question "Who am I?" especially during adolescence.

  • Course Goal: Explore self and identity to gain understanding. Aims to integrate personal experiences with academic learning, fostering critical thinking and self-improvement.

  • Course Structure:

  • Part 1: Examines the self from various disciplines (philosophy, sociology, anthropology, psychology), comparing East/West perspectives. It also explores the essential question "what is the self?".

  • Part 2: Explores the various components of the self (biological, material, digital self).

  • Part 3: Focuses on self-regulated learning, goal setting, and self-care in students. Practical application of concepts.

  • Mandatory Topics: Family Planning and Population Education

Philosophical Perspectives on The Self

  • Socrates: Emphasized "knowing oneself," understanding one's abilities and weaknesses. He used the Socratic method—questioning and dialogue. Died as a philosopher who challenged ignorance.
  • Plato: Student of Socrates, believed in a tripartite soul (appetitive, spirited, rational) forming a person.
  • Aristotle: believed in the pursuit of knowledge and understanding of moral virtues and the good life.
  • St. Augustine: Linked self-knowledge to God (believed God exists and is the reason for living and happiness).
  • René Descartes: Emphasized "I think, therefore I am" (cogito ergo sum). He focused on the mind and body as separate entities.
  • John Locke: Argued for the "tabula rasa" (blank slate) idea, emphasizing experience in defining who one is.
  • David Hume: Believed the self is a collection of perceptions; the self isn't a permanent thing.
  • Immanuel Kant: emphasized the role of consciousness in defining the self-synthesizing experience, intuitions, and impressions.
  • Sigmund Freud: Introduced the concept of the id, ego, and superego, impacting personality development.
  • Gilbert Ryle: Proposed behavior as the manifestation of self.
  • Paul Churchland: Emphasized the brain in defining the self; self is identified by brain activity.
  • Maurice Merleau-Ponty: Argued for the unity of mind and body in defining the self; emphasized the interconnectedness of consciousness and body.
  • Thomas Aquinas: Viewed the self as a combination of body and soul (material and essence) as what defines us. His philosophy was Christian based.

Levels of Consciousness

  • Conscious: Accessible thoughts and memories

  • Preconscious: Subconscious or latent thoughts and memories accessible with effort.

  • Unconscious: Deeper memories or issues that can't be brought to conscious mind easily.

  • Id: Primal instincts; pleasure-seeking

  • Ego: Balances id and reality

  • Superego: Morality principle; internalized societal rules

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UTS Lesson 1 Philosophers PDF

Description

This quiz delves into the course GEED 10013, which explores identity and personality development, particularly focusing on adolescents. It covers various perspectives from philosophy, sociology, anthropology, and psychology regarding the self. The course aims to integrate personal experiences with academic insights for self-improvement.

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