Questions and Answers
The small intestine is mainly responsible for:
The large intestine consists of the following parts except:
What is the function of the rectum?
Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is responsible for water and salt resorption?
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What controls the gastrointestinal tract?
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What is the main function of the circular and longitudinal muscles in the gastrointestinal tract?
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What gives the small intestine a large surface area for nutrient absorption?
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Which part of the gastrointestinal tract starts in the oral cavity?
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What is peristalsis used for in the gastrointestinal tract?
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Where does most of the digestive process occur in the gastrointestinal tract?
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Study Notes
- The gastrointestinal tract, also known as the alimentary canal, is a tube that runs through the body and is responsible for digesting food and absorbing nutrients.
- It starts in the oral cavity and ends at the anus.
- The gastrointestinal tract is lined with many layers of muscles, including circular and longitudinal muscles.
- The muscles contract in a coordinated fashion using peristalsis to move the contents of the tract along.
- The gastrointestinal tract contains a large number of bacteria that help in the digestive process.
- The gastrointestinal tract is divided into the small intestine and the large intestine.
- The small intestine is where most nutrient absorption occurs. It has a large surface area due to circular folds and finger-like projections called villi.
- The large intestine is primarily responsible for water and salt resorption, as well as the formation of feces.
- The large intestine consists of the cecum, colon, and rectum.
- The colon is divided into the ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon.
- The rectum stores feces until it is ready to be expelled through the anus.
- The gastrointestinal tract is controlled by the enteric nervous system, which is often referred to as the "gut brain."
- The gastrointestinal tract has its own blood supply, which is derived from the aorta and its branches, the Celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery.
- The Celiac trunk supplies blood to the foregut, which includes the esophagus and stomach.
- The superior mesenteric artery supplies blood to the midgut, which includes the small intestine and ascending colon.
- The inferior mesenteric artery supplies blood to the hindgut, which includes the transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and upper part of the rectum.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the anatomy and function of the gastrointestinal tract, also known as the alimentary canal, responsible for digesting food, absorbing nutrients, and the movement of its contents through peristalsis. Learn about the small intestine's role in nutrient absorption and the large intestine's responsibility for resorption and feces formation.
