Gastrointestinal Physiology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of secretion contains ptyalin (a-amylase)?

  • Mucous secretion
  • Serous secretion (correct)
  • Superadded secretion
  • Basal secretion

    • How much can the salivary secretion increase during food intake?

  • No change during food intake
  • 2-4 folds the basal levels
  • 8-20 folds the basal levels (correct)
  • 30-40 folds the basal levels

    • What are the functions of mastication?

  • Stimulating bile secretion, enhancing nutrient absorption, preventing constipation
  • Breaking down stomach acid, aiding in digestion, preventing reflux
  • Neutralizing toxins, promoting gut motility, increasing nutrient absorption
  • Grinding the food, mixing with saliva, making swallowing easier (correct)

    • What type of regulation is present for salivary secretion?

    <p>Only nervous mechanisms by conditioned and unconditioned reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be broken before certain foods reach the stomach?

    <p>Indigestible cellulose wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Functions of the Gastrointestinal System

    • The main function of the Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) is to supply the body with water, nutrients, electrolytes, and vitamins.
    • The GIT performs three main actions: digestion of food, absorption of digestive products, and regulation of various functions.

    Physiology of the Mouth

    Functions

    • The mouth is responsible for mechanical and chemical digestion of food.
    • Mechanical activity in the mouth involves mastication (chewing), which is performed by the anterior teeth (cutting action) and posterior teeth (grinding action).

    Innervation of Muscles of Chewing

    • The muscles of chewing are innervated by the 5th, 8th, and 12th cranial nerves.

    Mechanism of Mastication (Chewing Reflex or Opening-Jaw Reflex)

    • The presence of a bolus of food in the mouth compresses the teeth surface, causing reflex inhibition of the muscles of mastication.
    • This inhibition causes the lower jaw to drop.
    • The sudden drop in the lower jaw stimulates contraction of the jaw muscles, raising the lower jaw and closing the teeth.
    • The teeth closure compresses the bolus again, allowing the jaw to drop, and the cycle repeats.

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    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge of the physiology of the gastrointestinal system with this quiz. Explore the functions of the mouth, digestion, absorption, and regulation of various bodily functions. Learn from Prof. Omyma Galal Ahmed, a renowned expert in physiology from the Faculty of Medicine at Sphinx University's Faculty of Dentistry.

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