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Gastrointestinal Disorders Overview
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Gastrointestinal Disorders Overview

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Questions and Answers

What can happen to a prolapsed structure during straining at stool?

  • It may become trapped by the anal sphincter. (correct)
  • It can resolve spontaneously.
  • It can lead to increased blood flow.
  • It might trigger gastrointestinal reflux.

    • What is a diverticulum in the context of colonic diverticulosis?

  • A narrowing of the colonic passage.
  • An inflamed section of the colon.
  • A blind pouch that communicates with the lumen of the gut. (correct)
  • A type of colon cancer.

    • What complication may arise from a prolapse during bowel movements?

  • It may enhance digestive efficiency.
  • It can result in abdominal distension.
  • It could lead to pain if trapped by the anal sphincter. (correct)
  • It might improve bowel regularity.

    • Which of the following statements about diverticula is true?

    <p>A diverticulum communicates with the lumen of the gut.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition might result in pain due to its relationship with the anal sphincter?

    <p>Prolapse occurring during stool straining.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which major histocompatibility complex class II allele is associated with ulcerative colitis?

    <p>HLA-DRB1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of Crohn disease cases is associated with HLA-DR7 and DQ4 alleles?

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT associated with Crohn disease?

    <p>HLA-DRB1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the main histocompatibility complex class II alleles associated with Crohn disease.

    <p>HLA-DR7 and DQ4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between major histocompatibility complex class II alleles and autoimmune diseases mentioned?

    <p>They are linked to specific autoimmune diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is NOT typically associated with May?

    <p>Chronic fatigue syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hepatic complication is associated with May?

    <p>Pericholangitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common ocular manifestation associated with May?

    <p>Uveitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not associated with Ulcerative Colitis?

    <p>Rheumatoid arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is commonly linked to May and involves the skin?

    <p>Erythema nodosum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of excess gastric acid production in individuals with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome?

    <p>Development of multiple peptic ulcerations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following gastrointestinal areas is NOT commonly affected by peptic ulcerations in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome?

    <p>Ileum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by excess gastric acid production leading to ulcers?

    <p>Zollinger-Ellison syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, where can peptic ulcerations occur aside from the stomach?

    <p>In the duodenum and jejunum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes Zollinger-Ellison syndrome?

    <p>It involves tumor-induced overproduction of gastric acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of a hiatal hernia?

    <p>Weakness or separation of the diaphragmatic crura</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical change occurs in a hiatal hernia?

    <p>Protrusion of the stomach above the diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the separation of the diaphragmatic crura contribute to a hiatal hernia?

    <p>It creates a larger space for stomach expansion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a consequence of untreated hiatal hernia?

    <p>Acid reflux and related esophageal issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes factors that might lead to hiatal hernia?

    <p>Obesity and age can increase the risk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Colonic Diverticulosis

    • Diverticula are blind pouches that connect to the lumen of the gut.

    Inflammatory Bowel Disease

    • Ulcerative colitis has been linked to HLA-DRB1
    • Crohn's disease has been linked to HLA-DR7 and DQ4 alleles

    Complications of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

    • Migratory polyarthritis
    • Sacroiliitis
    • Ankylosing spondylitis
    • Uveitis
    • Erythema nodosum
    • Hepatic involvement including Pericholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis

    Ulcerative Colitis

    • Autonomic neuropathy in diabetes may be associated with ulcerative colitis.

    Hiatal Hernia

    • Hiatal hernias occur when a dilated segment of the stomach protrudes above the diaphragm
    • The diaphragm's crura separate, widening the space between the muscular crura and the esophageal wall.

    Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

    • Tumors in individuals with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome cause excess production of gastric acid.
    • This excess production of gastric acid can cause multiple peptic ulcers in the stomach, duodenum, and even the jejunum.

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    Description

    This quiz covers various gastrointestinal disorders including colonic diverticulosis, inflammatory bowel diseases like ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, and complications such as migratory polyarthritis. Learn about conditions like hiatal hernia and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, exploring their causes and implications.

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