Gastrointestinal Disorders in Maternal and Child Nursing

Study Notes

Gastrointestinal Disorders in Maternal and Child Nursing

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in Pregnancy

IBD includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
Pregnancy does not increase the risk of IBD relapse, but exacerbations can occur
Medications for IBD management should be continued during pregnancy
Breastfeeding is recommended, but some medications may be contraindicated

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Pregnancy

Symptoms worsen during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and pressure on the stomach
Lifestyle modifications: eating smaller, frequent meals, avoiding trigger foods, and elevating the head of the bed
Antacids and histamine-2 blockers are safe during pregnancy

Constipation in Pregnancy

Hormonal changes and pressure on the colon slow bowel movement
Increase fiber and water intake, and exercise regularly
Stool softeners and laxatives may be used under healthcare provider guidance

Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disorders

Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER) in Infants

Common in infants, especially premature ones
Symptoms: spitting up, irritability, and arching of the back
Thickening formula or breastmilk, and upright positioning can help alleviate symptoms

Diarrhea in Children

Defined as 3 or more loose stools per day
Causes: viral infections, bacterial infections, and food allergies
Treatment: oral rehydration therapy, electrolyte replacement, and antibiotic therapy if necessary

Constipation in Children

Defined as fewer than 3 bowel movements per week
Causes: dietary factors, dehydration, and physical inactivity
Treatment: increasing fiber and water intake, and stool softeners under healthcare provider guidance

Gastrointestinal Disorders in Maternal and Child Nursing

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in Pregnancy

IBD includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
Pregnancy does not increase the risk of IBD relapse, but exacerbations can occur
Medications for IBD management should be continued during pregnancy
Breastfeeding is recommended, but some medications may be contraindicated

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Pregnancy

Symptoms worsen during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and pressure on the stomach
Lifestyle modifications: eating smaller, frequent meals, avoiding trigger foods, and elevating the head of the bed
Antacids and histamine-2 blockers are safe during pregnancy

Constipation in Pregnancy

Hormonal changes and pressure on the colon slow bowel movement
Increase fiber and water intake, and exercise regularly
Stool softeners and laxatives may be used under healthcare provider guidance

Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disorders

Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER) in Infants

Common in infants, especially premature ones
Symptoms: spitting up, irritability, and arching of the back
Thickening formula or breastmilk, and upright positioning can help alleviate symptoms

Diarrhea in Children

Defined as 3 or more loose stools per day
Causes: viral infections, bacterial infections, and food allergies
Treatment: oral rehydration therapy, electrolyte replacement, and antibiotic therapy if necessary

Constipation in Children

Defined as fewer than 3 bowel movements per week
Causes: dietary factors, dehydration, and physical inactivity
Treatment: increasing fiber and water intake, and stool softeners under healthcare provider guidance

Description

This quiz covers the management of inflammatory bowel disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease in pregnant women, including the effects of pregnancy on these conditions and the recommended medications and breastfeeding practices.