Gastrointestinal Disorders in Maternal and Child Nursing

Gastrointestinal Disorders in Maternal and Child Nursing

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in Pregnancy

• IBD includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
• Pregnancy does not increase the risk of IBD relapse, but exacerbations can occur
• Medications for IBD management should be continued during pregnancy
• Breastfeeding is recommended, but some medications may be contraindicated

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Pregnancy

• Symptoms worsen during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and pressure on the stomach
• Lifestyle modifications: eating smaller, frequent meals, avoiding trigger foods, and elevating the head of the bed
• Antacids and histamine-2 blockers are safe during pregnancy

Constipation in Pregnancy

• Hormonal changes and pressure on the colon slow bowel movement
• Increase fiber and water intake, and exercise regularly
• Stool softeners and laxatives may be used under healthcare provider guidance

Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disorders

Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER) in Infants

• Common in infants, especially premature ones
• Symptoms: spitting up, irritability, and arching of the back
• Thickening formula or breastmilk, and upright positioning can help alleviate symptoms

Diarrhea in Children

• Defined as 3 or more loose stools per day
• Causes: viral infections, bacterial infections, and food allergies
• Treatment: oral rehydration therapy, electrolyte replacement, and antibiotic therapy if necessary

Constipation in Children

• Defined as fewer than 3 bowel movements per week
• Causes: dietary factors, dehydration, and physical inactivity
• Treatment: increasing fiber and water intake, and stool softeners under healthcare provider guidance

Gastrointestinal Disorders in Maternal and Child Nursing

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in Pregnancy

• IBD includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
• Pregnancy does not increase the risk of IBD relapse, but exacerbations can occur
• Medications for IBD management should be continued during pregnancy
• Breastfeeding is recommended, but some medications may be contraindicated

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Pregnancy

• Symptoms worsen during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and pressure on the stomach
• Lifestyle modifications: eating smaller, frequent meals, avoiding trigger foods, and elevating the head of the bed
• Antacids and histamine-2 blockers are safe during pregnancy

Constipation in Pregnancy

• Hormonal changes and pressure on the colon slow bowel movement
• Increase fiber and water intake, and exercise regularly
• Stool softeners and laxatives may be used under healthcare provider guidance

Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disorders

Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER) in Infants

• Common in infants, especially premature ones
• Symptoms: spitting up, irritability, and arching of the back
• Thickening formula or breastmilk, and upright positioning can help alleviate symptoms

Diarrhea in Children

• Defined as 3 or more loose stools per day
• Causes: viral infections, bacterial infections, and food allergies
• Treatment: oral rehydration therapy, electrolyte replacement, and antibiotic therapy if necessary

Constipation in Children

• Defined as fewer than 3 bowel movements per week
• Causes: dietary factors, dehydration, and physical inactivity
• Treatment: increasing fiber and water intake, and stool softeners under healthcare provider guidance

This quiz covers the management of inflammatory bowel disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease in pregnant women, including the effects of pregnancy on these conditions and the recommended medications and breastfeeding practices.