Gastroenteritis: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Nursing Care

• Gastroenteritis, commonly known as the "stomach bug," presents with a range of symptoms affecting the digestive system.
• Symptoms include diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting disrupting normal bowel function and causing discomfort.
• Abdominal pain and cramping are common, contributing to the overall distress experienced by individuals with gastroenteritis.
• Dehydration is a significant concern due to fluid loss through diarrhea and vomiting.
• Diagnosis typically involves stool cultures to identify the causative agent, such as bacteria or viruses.

Nursing Interventions

• Dietary management is crucial, often involving a gradual introduction of easily digestible foods.
• Oral rehydration with solutions like Pedialyte, clear liquids, and the BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, toast) helps replenish fluids and electrolytes.
• IV hydration may be necessary in severe cases to combat dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
• Supportive care focuses on managing symptoms and providing comfort to the patient
• Antibiotics are administered if the gastroenteritis is caused by a bacterial infection, as determined by stool cultures.
• Maintaining good skin integrity is essential, especially in cases of frequent diarrhea, to prevent skin breakdown and infection.