Gastric Secretion Mechanisms Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What enzyme is responsible for the formation of carbonic acid (H2CO3) in the parietal cells?

Lipase

Carbonic anhydrase (correct)

Amylase

Pepsin

What is the primary source of hydrogen ions (H+) for hydrochloric acid (HCl) secretion in the stomach?

Dissociation of water molecules

Breakdown of ATP

Dissociation of carbonic acid (H2CO3) (correct)

Direct uptake from the bloodstream

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can stimulate the secretion of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach?

Acetylcholine

Gastrin

Histamine

Insulin (correct)

What is the primary mechanism by which omeprazole inhibits hydrochloric acid (HCl) secretion?

Blocking hydrogen ion-potassium ion ATPase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the vagus nerve in the regulation of gastric secretion?

Stimulates the release of gastrin and histamine (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a physiological response to a meal, leading to an increase in blood pH?

Postprandial alkaline tide (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the H+-K+ ATPase in the parietal cell?

Actively transporting H+ into the stomach lumen (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of hydrochloric acid (HCl) secretion in the stomach?

Passive diffusion into the stomach lumen (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of pepsin in protein digestion?

Initiates protein digestion, breaking them down into peptides. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site for protein digestion?

Small intestine (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following enzymes plays a role in the final breakdown of dipeptides and small polypeptides?

Aminopolypeptidase (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the role of the valvulae conniventes in digestion?

They increase the surface area for absorption. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate surface area of the small intestine?

250 m2 (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that increases the absorptive area of the small intestine?

Goblet cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main type of absorption that occurs in the small intestine?

Both active transport and passive diffusion (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method for the absorption of carbohydrates?

Breakdown by enzymes before absorption. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which unit focuses on the secretions of the gastrointestinal tract?

Organization and Secretions of the Gastrointestinal Tract (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the total number of modules in the course?

5 (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which module covers the endocrine and reproductive systems?

Module 3 (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which unit is dedicated to the sense of taste?

The Tongue and the Sense of Taste (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is required for attendance in interactive sessions?

95% (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about laboratory practical sessions is correct?

Participation must reach a minimum of 90%. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which unit in the course discusses the structure of the kidney?

The Structure of the Kidney (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which reference textbook focuses specifically on human physiology?

Fox SI - Human Physiology (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of porcine CCK on pancreatic secretion?

It stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice rich in enzymes. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones was the first ever discovered?

Secretin (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does secretin influence pancreatic secretion?

It promotes the secretion of watery alkaline pancreatic juice. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the release of secretin in the digestive system?

Acid chyme entering the duodenum. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What effect does gastric inhibitory peptide have in smaller doses?

It does not show inhibition of gastric secretion. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of CCK in relation to the gall bladder?

It stimulates contraction of the gall bladder. (C) Signup and view all the answers

In what form is secretin initially produced before activation?

Prosecretin (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the actions of CCK related to gastric emptying?

It inhibits gastric emptying. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which chloride ions are absorbed in the small intestine?

Passive diffusion (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin is absorbed specifically in the ileum of the small intestine?

Vitamin B12 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What role do Na+ ions play in the absorption of chloride ions?

They balance the electrical gradient. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily involved in stimulating the secretion of digestive juices in the intestines?

Secretin (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of vitamins is dependent on fat absorption for their absorption?

Fat-soluble vitamins (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is associated with stimulating gallbladder contraction?

Cholecystokinin (CCK) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism allows for the absorption of potassium ions across the gastrointestinal mucosa?

Diffusion (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for inhibiting gastric motility and gastric acid secretion?

Gastric inhibitory peptide (C) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the final grade is allocated to the Computer marked Assignment?

10% (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the final grade?

Course Outline (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these activities contribute the most to the final grade?

End of Course Examination (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum percentage required to pass the course?

50% (A) Signup and view all the answers

What advice does the course guide provide for students regarding submitting assignments?

Submit assignments on time, as indicated by the due date (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as a resource for students to utilize in this course?

Social Media Platforms (C) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Course Information

Course: Human Physiology II
Course Code: NSC 222
Course Team: Dr. R.O. Akomolafe, Dr. A. O. Ayoka, Dr. O. S. Akinsomisoye (Course Developers/Writers), Mr. O. S. Olukiran (Co-writer), Dr. O.O. Irinoye & Dr T.O. Oladogba (Course Editors), Dr. Umar Zayyanu Usman, MBBS, MSc, PhD. (Reviewer) - Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
Institution: National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN)
Year: 2022

Course Materials

Course Guide
Study Units
Textbooks (hard and electronic)
Book of Laboratory Practical
Assignment File/Portfolio

Study Units

Module 1: Gastrointestinal Physiology
- Unit 1: Organization and Secretions of the Gastrointestinal Tract
- Unit 2: Gastrointestinal Motility
- Unit 3: Gastrointestinal Hormones, Digestion and Absorption
Module 2: Nervous System
- Unit 1: Overview of the Nervous System
- Unit 2: Integration of Central Nervous System with other Systems
Module 3: Endocrine System and Reproductive System
- Unit 1: The Endocrine System
- Unit 2: The Reproductive System
Module 4: Urinary System
- Unit 1: Introduction to Urinary System
- Unit 2: The Structure of the Kidney
Module 5: The Special Senses
- Unit 1: The Tongue and the Sense of Taste
- Unit 2: The Nose and the Sense of Smell
- Unit 3: The Ear and the Sense of Hearing
- Unit 4: The Eyes and the Sense of Vision

Course Requirements and Expectations

Attendance of 95% of all interactive sessions
Submission of all assignments
Participation in all CMA and laboratory sessions
Submission of reports from all laboratory practical sessions
Attendance of the final course examination
Versatility in basic computer skills.
Participation in all laboratory practicals up to 90% of the time.
Submitting personal reports from laboratory practical sessions on schedule.
Logging in to the class online discussion board at least once a week and contributing to ongoing discussions.
Contributing actively to group seminar presentations.
Using a computer (laptop, desktop or tablet)
Internet access (preferably broadband)
MS Office software (Word Processor, Powerpoint, Spreadsheet)
nBrowser – Preferably Internet Explorer, Moxilla Firefox
Adobe Acrobat Reader

Course Evaluation

In-Course Examination
Final Examination
Learner-Facilitator evaluation of the course

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Description

Test your knowledge on the mechanisms of gastric secretion and the role of various enzymes and cells in the stomach. This quiz covers essential concepts related to hydrochloric acid secretion, enzyme functions, and physiological responses to food intake.