Gastric Malignancy: Symptoms and Risk Factors

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Which gene mutation is linked to hereditary diffuse gastric cancer?

E-cadherin (CDH1) (correct)

PDGFR-alpha

c-KIT (CD117)

CDKN2A

What type of cells are found in Krukenburg (Ovarian) tumor?

Epithelioid cells

Spindle cells

Neuroendocrine cells

Mucin-filled signet ring cells (correct)

What is the cell of origin for GastroIntestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST)?

Interstitial cell of Cajal (correct)

Adipocyte

Smooth muscle cell

Neuroendocrine cell

Which gene mutation is responsible for approximately 70-80% of GastroIntestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST)?

c-KIT (CD117) Signup and view all the answers

What are the overexpressed/high levels of bio-markers associated with Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs) or Carcinoid?

Chromogranin A and Synaptophysin Signup and view all the answers

Which location is the least progressive for Foregut Carcinoid?

Stomach Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common primary gastrointestinal lymphoma?

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the mnemonic used to remember the locations where neuroendocrine cells are found?

TOOTH mnemonic Signup and view all the answers

What type of tumor is GastroIntestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST)?

Soft tissue sarcoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic histology feature of Lymphoma derived from H. pylori infection?

Bland nuclei with salt and pepper chromatin Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard treatment for ulcer disease, stomach cancer, injury, and other diseases of the stomach?

Gastrectomy Signup and view all the answers

Which type of Billroth involves anastomosis of the gastric stump to the duodenum?

Billroth I Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for bile flowing backward into the stomach or esophagus?

Bile reflux Signup and view all the answers

Which complication involves parts of the small intestine bulging through the membrane that attaches the intestine to the abdominal wall?

Internal hernia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the stomach not processing food as quickly as it should, which can occur after gastrectomy?

Post-surgery gastroparesis Signup and view all the answers

After gastrectomy, how long does it generally take to regain energy levels and get used to new eating habits?

~3 months to 6 months or longer Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition where food travels to the small intestine before it's broken down properly?

Dumping syndrome Signup and view all the answers

Which type of Billroth involves anastomosis of the gastric stump to the jejunum?

Billroth II Signup and view all the answers

What term describes a leak at the attachment site?

Anastomotic Leak Signup and view all the answers

What term is used when there is narrowing at the attachment site that connects partial stomach or esophagus and small intestine?

Narrowing at the attachment site Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common malignant type of stomach cancer?

Adenocarcinoma Signup and view all the answers

Which early stage symptom is commonly associated with gastric cancer?

Dysphagia Signup and view all the answers

In what way does H pylori cause gastric cancer?

By causing chronic inflammation and impairing DNA Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for gastric cancer?

High dietary fiber intake Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of CagA cytotoxin released by H pylori?

It causes chronic inflammation and impairs DNA Signup and view all the answers

Which cell lining of the stomach does adenocarcinoma commonly start in?

Antrum cell lining Signup and view all the answers

What is the main method of treatment for gastric cancer involving the removal of the tumor?

Surgery (resection) Signup and view all the answers

What does H pylori release to raise the pH on the surface of epithelial cells?

Urease Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom in later stages of gastric cancer that is more likely to occur in men?

'GI bleed' Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is not associated with an increased risk of developing gastric cancer?