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Questions and Answers
What is the primary mechanism that allows oxygen to cross the alveoli and re-oxygenate the blood in the pulmonary vasculature?
What is the primary mechanism that allows oxygen to cross the alveoli and re-oxygenate the blood in the pulmonary vasculature?
- Diffusion (correct)
- Active transport
- Osmosis
- Facilitated diffusion
What percentage of oxygen that dissolves in the blood combines with the oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin?
What percentage of oxygen that dissolves in the blood combines with the oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin?
- 99% (correct)
- 85%
- 90%
- 95%
What is the primary factor that determines the delivery of oxygen to a particular tissue?
What is the primary factor that determines the delivery of oxygen to a particular tissue?
- Cardiac output
- Arterial oxygen concentration
- Oxygen entering the lungs
- All of the above (correct)
What is the term for the volume of oxygen delivered to the systemic vascular bed per minute?
What is the term for the volume of oxygen delivered to the systemic vascular bed per minute?
What is the direction of flow of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lung?
What is the direction of flow of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lung?
What is the percentage of CO2 that dissolves in the blood and enters into a series of reversible chemical reactions?
What is the percentage of CO2 that dissolves in the blood and enters into a series of reversible chemical reactions?
What two systems are necessary for the ability to deliver oxygen in the body?
What two systems are necessary for the ability to deliver oxygen in the body?
What happens to the curve when there is a rise in temperature or a fallen pH?
What happens to the curve when there is a rise in temperature or a fallen pH?
What is the significance of p50 in relation to hemoglobin and O2 binding?
What is the significance of p50 in relation to hemoglobin and O2 binding?
What is the minimum concentration of reduced hemoglobin required for cyanosis to appear?
What is the minimum concentration of reduced hemoglobin required for cyanosis to appear?
What is the term for the bluish discoloration of the tissues due to reduced hemoglobin?
What is the term for the bluish discoloration of the tissues due to reduced hemoglobin?
What is the effect of a fallen temperature on the O2 dissociation curve?
What is the effect of a fallen temperature on the O2 dissociation curve?
What determines the occurrence of cyanosis?
What determines the occurrence of cyanosis?
What is the significance of a higher p50 value?
What is the significance of a higher p50 value?
What is the primary function of increased myoglobin in high-altitude adaptation?
What is the primary function of increased myoglobin in high-altitude adaptation?
What is the characteristic of the natives who live in high-altitude villages?
What is the characteristic of the natives who live in high-altitude villages?
What is the purpose of carbon monoxide in the body?
What is the purpose of carbon monoxide in the body?
What is the result of incomplete combustion of carbon outside the body?
What is the result of incomplete combustion of carbon outside the body?
What is the significance of the existence of permanent human habitations in the Andes and Himalayas at elevations above 5,500 m?
What is the significance of the existence of permanent human habitations in the Andes and Himalayas at elevations above 5,500 m?
What is the characteristics of the chest of natives who live in high-altitude villages?
What is the characteristics of the chest of natives who live in high-altitude villages?
What is the historical use of carbon monoxide?
What is the historical use of carbon monoxide?
What is the primary reason why CO poisoning has become less common in the United States?
What is the primary reason why CO poisoning has become less common in the United States?
What is the name of the compound formed when CO reacts with hemoglobin?
What is the name of the compound formed when CO reacts with hemoglobin?
Why is CO poisoning considered a form of anemic hypoxia?
Why is CO poisoning considered a form of anemic hypoxia?
What is the approximate ratio of the affinity of hemoglobin for CO to its affinity for O2?
What is the approximate ratio of the affinity of hemoglobin for CO to its affinity for O2?
Why does the presence of COHb shift the dissociation curve of HbO2 to the left?
Why does the presence of COHb shift the dissociation curve of HbO2 to the left?
Why is oxygen treatment of limited value in hypoperfusion, anemic, and histotoxic hypoxia?
Why is oxygen treatment of limited value in hypoperfusion, anemic, and histotoxic hypoxia?
In which type of hypoxia is oxygen treatment of great benefit?
In which type of hypoxia is oxygen treatment of great benefit?
What is the effect of COHb on the amount of hemoglobin available for O2 transport?
What is the effect of COHb on the amount of hemoglobin available for O2 transport?
Why is an individual with 50% of the normal amount of HbO2 incapacitated by the formation of COHb?
Why is an individual with 50% of the normal amount of HbO2 incapacitated by the formation of COHb?
What is the effect of CO on the transport of O2 in the blood?
What is the effect of CO on the transport of O2 in the blood?
Which type of hypoxia is characterized by a normal arterial PO2 but a reduced amount of hemoglobin available to carry oxygen?
Which type of hypoxia is characterized by a normal arterial PO2 but a reduced amount of hemoglobin available to carry oxygen?
What is the term sometimes used to describe Hypoxemia?
What is the term sometimes used to describe Hypoxemia?
What is the primary effect of histotoxic hypoxia on tissues?
What is the primary effect of histotoxic hypoxia on tissues?
How long does it take for the increase in circulating red blood cells to begin after ascent to high altitude?
How long does it take for the increase in circulating red blood cells to begin after ascent to high altitude?
What is the response to high altitude that leads to a decrease in erythropoietin secretion?
What is the response to high altitude that leads to a decrease in erythropoietin secretion?
What is the term that is a more correct description of a condition with low oxygen levels in the tissues?
What is the term that is a more correct description of a condition with low oxygen levels in the tissues?
What occurs in the tissues in response to hypoxia, besides the increase in circulating red blood cells?
What occurs in the tissues in response to hypoxia, besides the increase in circulating red blood cells?
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