Questions and Answers
A sample of gas at a constant temperature is compressed to half its original volume. What happens to the pressure of the gas?
A balloon filled with helium gas is heated. What happens to the volume of the balloon?
Two containers of equal volume contain different gases at the same temperature. The pressure in container A is twice that in container B. What can you conclude about the number of gas molecules in each container?
A rigid container holds a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature. If the volume of the container is decreased, what will happen to the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules?
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A gas is compressed isothermally. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the process?
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Study Notes
Gas Compression and Pressure
- Compressing a gas at constant temperature to half its original volume results in doubling the pressure, according to Boyle's Law.
- Boyle's Law formula: P1V1 = P2V2, where pressure (P) and volume (V) are inversely related at constant temperature.
Balloon Volume and Temperature
- Heating a helium-filled balloon causes an increase in volume, based on Charles's Law which states that volume is directly proportional to temperature when pressure is constant.
- Charles's Law formula: V1/T1 = V2/T2, where volume (V) and temperature (T) must be in Kelvin.
Gas Pressure in Containers
- In two containers of equal volume and the same temperature, pressure indicates the number of gas molecules: if container A has double the pressure of container B, then it contains twice the number of gas molecules.
- Ideal Gas Law relates pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles (P=nRT).
Kinetic Energy and Container Volume
- A rigid container with a fixed amount of gas at constant temperature means that decreasing the volume does not change the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules.
- Average kinetic energy of gas molecules is dependent on temperature, not volume.
Isothermal Gas Compression
- In isothermal compression, the temperature of the gas remains constant while it is compressed, leading to an increase in pressure.
- Work is done on the gas due to the added energy to maintain constant temperature, but its internal energy remains unchanged.
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Description
Test your understanding of gas laws, including how pressure and volume change at constant temperature, and how temperature affects gas volume. Topics include ideal gas behavior and gas properties.
