Gas Exchange in Animals - Practical Investigations

<p>The diaphragm contracts. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is toxic in high concentrations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduces the oxygen-carrying ability of blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By causing the walls of air sacs to break down (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emphysema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It narrows the bronchi and bronchioles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreased efficiency of gas exchange (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It decreases due to wall destruction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Destruction of air sac walls (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduced surface area for gas exchange (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trachea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alveoli (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They facilitate the transfer of oxygen from inhaled air into the blood. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nasal cavity -&gt; Trachea -&gt; Bronchi -&gt; Alveoli (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exhaled air contains more carbon dioxide than inhaled air. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diaphragm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases because it is warmed by the blood in the capillaries. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transport air (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prepare the air for better gas exchange. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alveoli -&gt; Trachea -&gt; Pharynx -&gt; Nasal cavity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They facilitate the exchange of gases between blood and alveoli. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exhaled air has a higher concentration of oxygen. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Larynx (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It becomes warmer than inhaled air. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhaled air and exhaled air have the same composition. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bubbles are observed coming out. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is produced by body cells during respiration. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It carries oxygen to body cells and carbon dioxide back to the air sacs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygen enters while carbon dioxide exits. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate respiration by supplying oxygen and removing carbon dioxide. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon dioxide passes from the blood into the air sacs and is removed from the body. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Air breathed out of the lungs.

Air breathed into the lungs.

Amount of oxygen in the air.

A method to compare oxygen content in inhaled and exhaled air.

Candle flame used to show oxygen's presence.

Protective eyewear for experiments.

Container used to collect air samples.

A plate used to cover a gas jar.

The route air takes when you breathe in, from the nose or mouth to the lungs.

The route air takes when you breathe out, from the lungs to the nose or mouth.

The process of taking air into the lungs.

The process of releasing air from the lungs.

A gas produced by your body as a waste product of using oxygen.

The spongy material that makes up the lungs, composed of tiny air sacs called alveoli.

When lung tissue is squeezed underwater, bubbles form, indicating the presence of a gas inside.

Tiny, balloon-like structures in the lungs where gas exchange occurs between air and blood.

The process of oxygen moving from the air in the lungs into the blood and carbon dioxide moving from the blood into the lungs.

Oxygen from inhaled air enters the air sacs and then moves into the surrounding blood.

The blood transports oxygen from the lungs to the body cells for respiration.

Body cells produce carbon dioxide during respiration, which is then transported by the blood to the lungs.

Carbon dioxide in the blood enters the air sacs and is exhaled from the body.

Cobalt chloride paper turns blue when exposed to moisture, indicating the presence of water vapor. This change is used to detect differences in the water vapor content of inhaled and exhaled air.

The human body produces water as a byproduct of respiration, and this water vapor is exhaled with the air.

Breathing involves inhaling oxygen-rich air and exhaling carbon dioxide-rich air. This exchange of gases is essential for respiration and maintaining body functions.

The process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment through the respiratory system.

A network of organs responsible for gas exchange, including the nose, trachea, lungs, and diaphragm.

The process of using oxygen to break down food molecules for energy production, releasing carbon dioxide as a byproduct.

Exhaled air contains a higher concentration of carbon dioxide than inhaled air due to the release of carbon dioxide as a waste product of respiration.

Inhaled air contains a higher concentration of oxygen than exhaled air because oxygen is absorbed by the body during respiration.

Air sacs are tiny, balloon-like structures in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. Oxygen from inhaled air moves into the blood, while carbon dioxide from the blood moves into the air sac to be exhaled.

The process of exchanging gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the air sacs and the blood in the surrounding capillaries.

Exhaled air contains less oxygen and more carbon dioxide compared to inhaled air due to the gas exchange that occurs in the lungs. Exhaled air also has higher water vapor content and is warmer than inhaled air.

The surface of the air sac is moist, which helps to humidify the inhaled air.

The blood in the capillaries near the air sacs warms the inhaled air.

Capillaries are tiny blood vessels that surround the air sacs and facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood.

Oxygen from the inhaled air moves into the blood within the capillaries surrounding the air sacs during gas exchange.

Carbon dioxide from the blood passes into the air sac to be exhaled during gas exchange.

Dark sticky substances that build up in the lungs of smokers due to incomplete combustion of tobacco.

The ability of the blood to transport oxygen is decreased in smokers due to carbon monoxide binding to red blood cells, preventing oxygen from attaching.

Chemicals in cigarette smoke can damage and break down the thin walls of the air sacs, reducing their surface area for gas exchange.

A lung disease in which the walls of the air sacs are destroyed, leading to less elastic lungs and difficulty breathing.

Inflammation of the airways, causing them to narrow and produce excess mucus, leading to difficulty breathing and chronic coughing.

In emphysema, the reduced surface area of the air sacs decreases oxygen intake. In chronic bronchitis, the narrowed airways restrict airflow, limiting oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide removal.

Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells, reducing the blood's ability to carry oxygen.

The damaged walls reduce the surface area available for oxygen to move into the blood and carbon dioxide to move out.