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Questions and Answers
Why did Mahatma Gandhi decide to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement in February 1922?
Why did Mahatma Gandhi decide to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement in February 1922?
Gandhi felt the movement was turning violent in many places and believed that satyagrahis needed to be properly trained before they would be ready for mass struggles.
What did some leaders within the Congress want to do instead of participating in mass struggles?
What did some leaders within the Congress want to do instead of participating in mass struggles?
Some leaders within the Congress wanted to participate in elections to the provincial councils that had been set up by the Government of India Act of 1919.
Who formed the Swaraj Party within the Congress to argue for a return to council politics?
Who formed the Swaraj Party within the Congress to argue for a return to council politics?
C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru formed the Swaraj Party within the Congress.
What did younger leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose press for?
What did younger leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose press for?
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What were the two factors that shaped Indian politics towards the late 1920s?
What were the two factors that shaped Indian politics towards the late 1920s?
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Study Notes
Non-Cooperation Movement Withdrawal
- Mahatma Gandhi withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement in February 1922 due to escalating violence, particularly the Chauri Chaura incident where protesters killed police officers.
- Gandhi believed that the movement had deviated from its nonviolent principles and required reconsideration.
Congress Leadership and Political Strategies
- Some Congress leaders advocated for a shift from mass struggles towards constitutional methods and legislative participation rather than direct action against colonial rule.
- This faction emphasized discussions and negotiations with the British government as an alternative approach to achieving self-rule.
Formation of the Swaraj Party
- The Swaraj Party was formed by leaders like Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das, who argued for a return to council politics, believing that participation in legislative councils could provide a platform to challenge British policies from within.
Demands of Younger Leaders
- Younger leaders, including Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose, pressed for a more radical approach towards independence, advocating for direct action and mass mobilization against colonial rule, reflecting a shift towards a more assertive stance.
Factors Shaping Indian Politics in the Late 1920s
- Two key factors influencing Indian politics towards the late 1920s were the growing discontent over the impact of the global Great Depression and rising nationalist sentiments among the populace.
- The shift in public consciousness and unity against British rule became increasingly pronounced, setting the stage for future movements for independence.
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Quiz: Gandhi's Non-Cooperation Movement Test your knowledge of Mahatma Gandhi's decision to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement in February 192
