Gamma Radiation and Atmospheric Absorption
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Questions and Answers

What is the range of radiant energies that compose sunlight?

  • The cosmic spectrum
  • The solar spectrum (correct)
  • The lunar spectrum
  • The planetary spectrum
  • Which type of electromagnetic radiation is NOT part of the solar spectrum?

  • Ultraviolet light
  • Microwaves
  • Gamma rays
  • Radio waves (correct)
  • What type of electromagnetic radiation has the highest energy in the solar spectrum?

  • Infrared light
  • Gamma rays (correct)
  • Ultraviolet light
  • X-rays
  • Which type of electromagnetic radiation is visible to the human eye?

    <p>Visible light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of radiation makes up gamma radiation?

    <p>Energetic photons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the entire range of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun?

    <p>The solar spectrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following radionuclides emits gamma rays?

    <p>Cesium-137</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of gamma radiation in terms of wavelength?

    <p>Very short wavelength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gamma radiation is a type of what?

    <p>Electromagnetic radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature among iodine-125, iodine-131, cobalt-57, and cesium-137?

    <p>They all emit gamma rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Iodine-125 and iodine-131 are both examples of:

    <p>Radioisotopes of iodine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of gamma radiation in terms of energy?

    <p>Very high energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relation between gamma radiation and its wavelength?

    <p>Gamma radiation has a very short wavelength and high energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an example of a gamma-ray emitting radionuclide?

    <p>Cobalt-56</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic shared by iodine-125, iodine-131, cobalt-57, and cesium-137?

    <p>They all emit gamma radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the primary treatment phase in sewage treatment?

    <p>To remove suspended, solid particles and inorganic materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism used in the secondary treatment phase to reduce organic waste?

    <p>The use of biological filters and natural processes to degrade organic waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the water at the final treatment stage?

    <p>It is almost free from harmful substances and chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which treatment phase are biological filters and natural processes used?

    <p>Secondary treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is removed during the primary treatment phase of sewage treatment?

    <p>Suspended, solid particles and inorganic materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of certain gases in the atmosphere, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide?

    <p>To absorb infrared radiant heat and prevent it from dispersing into space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following gases is NOT mentioned as a component of the atmosphere that absorbs infrared radiant heat?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate fate of the infrared radiant heat absorbed by certain gases in the atmosphere?

    <p>It is trapped and prevents the Earth from cooling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen to the Earth's temperature if the gases mentioned in the passage were not present in the atmosphere?

    <p>The temperature would decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which the Earth loses heat?

    <p>Through the emission of infrared radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Gamma Radiation

    • Consists of very energetic photons with short wavelengths, a type of electromagnetic radiation.
    • Examples of common radionuclides that emit gamma rays: iodine-125, iodine-131, cobalt-57, and cesium-137.
    • Gamma rays are part of the solar spectrum, which includes visible light, infrared light, X-rays, and ultraviolet light.

    Atmospheric Absorption

    • Certain gases in the atmosphere absorb infrared radiant heat, preventing it from dispersing into space.
    • These gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.

    Wastewater Treatment Phases

    Primary Treatment

    • First phase of treatment, where suspended solid particles and inorganic materials are removed using filters.

    Secondary Treatment

    • Reduces organic waste material through biological filters and natural degradation processes.

    Final Treatment

    • Water at this stage is almost free from harmful substances and chemicals.

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    Description

    Learn about gamma radiation, its properties, and examples of radionuclides that emit gamma rays. Also, discover how certain gases in the atmosphere absorb infrared radiant heat.

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