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Questions and Answers
Where are the cell bodies of alpha motor neurons located?
What is the function of gamma motor neurons?
What is a characteristic of reflex reactions?
What does a reflex consist of?
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Which nerve innervates a skeletal muscle and contains axons of both alpha and gamma motor neurons?
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How do reflexes reach consciousness according to the text?
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What type of neuron is involved in the afferent limb of the muscle stretch reflex?
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Where is the cell body located for the sensory neuron in the muscle stretch reflex?
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Which part of the spinal cord does the central process of the sensory neuron synapse with in the muscle stretch reflex?
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What is the purpose of tapping the patellar tendon in the quadriceps stretch reflex?
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Which type of fibers are stretched during the quadriceps stretch reflex?
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What are the receptors involved in the quadriceps stretch reflex?
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Which type of fibers are stimulated when the patellar tendon is tapped in the quadriceps stretch reflex?
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What causes the contraction of the quadriceps in response to the quadriceps stretch reflex?
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What does tapping of a tendon elicit in neurological terms?
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What is the function of Golgi Tendon Organs (GTOs)?
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In reciprocal inhibition, what is the role of the inhibitory interneuron?
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Which receptor is located at the peripheral end of the Ia fiber in reciprocal inhibition?
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What is the primary function of autogenic inhibition (inverse myotatic reflex)?
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What is the role of the central process of sensory neurons Ib fiber in autogenic inhibition?
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What happens to the antagonist muscle during reciprocal inhibition?
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What is the primary function of autogenic inhibition (inverse myotatic reflex)?
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What is the role of gamma motor neurons in the maintenance of muscle tone?
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Where are the cell bodies of alpha motor neurons located?
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What is the function of reciprocal inhibition?
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Which type of fibers are involved in the flexor reflex (withdrawal reflex, nociceptive reflex)?
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What is the mechanism of alpha-gamma co-activation?
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What is the role of gamma (γ) motor neurons in the muscle stretch reflex?
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Which area of the body does the quadriceps stretch reflex mainly involve?
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What is the purpose of tapping the patellar tendon in the quadriceps stretch reflex?
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What is the term for a reflex that involves only one synapse?
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Which component of the reflex arc is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the muscle to the spinal cord?
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What type of fibers are stimulated by muscle stretch triggering sensory endings on intrafusal fibers to fire?
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In which part of the body are muscle spindles embedded?
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What does the contraction of the quadriceps lead to in response to the quadriceps stretch reflex?
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Study Notes
Motor Neurons and Reflexes
- Alpha motor neurons have cell bodies located in the anterior gray horn of the spinal cord.
- Gamma motor neurons function to regulate the sensitivity of muscle spindles, which are involved in muscle stretch reflexes.
Reflex Reactions
- Reflex reactions are characterized by rapid, unconscious responses to stimuli.
- A reflex consists of a sensory receptor, an afferent neuron, a central integrating neuron, an efferent neuron, and an effector.
Muscle Stretch Reflex
- The muscle stretch reflex involves a nerve that innervates a skeletal muscle and contains axons of both alpha and gamma motor neurons.
- The sensory neuron involved in the afferent limb of the muscle stretch reflex is a type Ia sensory neuron.
- The cell body of the sensory neuron is located in the dorsal root ganglion.
- The central process of the sensory neuron synapses with the alpha motor neuron in the ventral horn of the spinal cord.
Quadriceps Stretch Reflex
- The quadriceps stretch reflex is a specific type of muscle stretch reflex that involves the quadriceps muscle and the patellar tendon.
- The purpose of tapping the patellar tendon is to stimulate the muscle spindle receptors, which triggers the reflex.
- The receptors involved in the quadriceps stretch reflex are muscle spindle receptors and Golgi tendon organs.
- The type of fibers stretched during the quadriceps stretch reflex are intrafusal fibers.
- The type of fibers stimulated when the patellar tendon is tapped are Ia sensory fibers.
- The contraction of the quadriceps in response to the quadriceps stretch reflex is caused by the activation of alpha motor neurons.
- Tapping of a tendon elicits a stretch reflex in neurological terms.
Golgi Tendon Organs (GTOs)
- Golgi Tendon Organs (GTOs) function to regulate muscle tension and prevent muscle overload.
Reciprocal Inhibition
- In reciprocal inhibition, the inhibitory interneuron inhibits the antagonist muscle.
- The receptor located at the peripheral end of the Ia fiber in reciprocal inhibition is the muscle spindle receptor.
- The primary function of reciprocal inhibition is to coordinate muscle movements and prevent simultaneous contraction of antagonist muscles.
Autogenic Inhibition (Inverse Myotatic Reflex)
- The primary function of autogenic inhibition is to regulate muscle tone and prevent muscle overload.
- The role of the central process of sensory neurons Ib fiber in autogenic inhibition is to inhibit the alpha motor neuron.
- During reciprocal inhibition, the antagonist muscle is inhibited.
Alpha-Gamma Co-Activation
- The mechanism of alpha-gamma co-activation is the simultaneous activation of alpha and gamma motor neurons, which leads to muscle contraction and regulation of muscle tone.
Muscle Tone
- Gamma motor neurons play a crucial role in the maintenance of muscle tone.
Flexor Reflex (Withdrawal Reflex, Nociceptive Reflex)
- The flexor reflex involves type III and IV fibers and is a response to painful or noxious stimuli.
Reflex Arc
- A monosynaptic reflex is a reflex that involves only one synapse.
- The component of the reflex arc responsible for transmitting sensory information from the muscle to the spinal cord is the sensory neuron.
- Muscle spindles are embedded in muscles throughout the body.
Quadriceps Stretch Reflex
- The contraction of the quadriceps in response to the quadriceps stretch reflex leads to the extension of the knee joint.
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Description
Test your knowledge on gamma motor neurons and spinal reflexes with this quiz. Explore topics such as the function of gamma motor neurons, spinal reflex reactions, and the characteristics of reflex activity.
