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What does cultural heritage mean?
What does cultural heritage mean?
A person's unique, inherited sense of personal identity.
Canada has a very diverse cultural heritage.
Canada has a very diverse cultural heritage.
True
What can culture be understood as?
What can culture be understood as?
All the ways of life that are passed down from generation to generation.
What is one way that artists express their culture?
What is one way that artists express their culture?
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What are three common child-rearing goals?
What are three common child-rearing goals?
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Patriarchy refers to female dominance.
Patriarchy refers to female dominance.
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What are some reasons why matriarchy is less common?
What are some reasons why matriarchy is less common?
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What is egalitarianism?
What is egalitarianism?
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Western societies are moving away from egalitarianism.
Western societies are moving away from egalitarianism.
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What are some modern changes in parental authority? (Select all that apply)
What are some modern changes in parental authority? (Select all that apply)
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How can 1-on-1 time benefit a child?
How can 1-on-1 time benefit a child?
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Positive discipline focuses on praising positive behavior and providing clear expectations.
Positive discipline focuses on praising positive behavior and providing clear expectations.
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What is guidance in terms of parenting?
What is guidance in terms of parenting?
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Language is a very important part of culture.
Language is a very important part of culture.
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What is the first dimension of culture that is transmitted to children?
What is the first dimension of culture that is transmitted to children?
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How are oral traditions passed down through generations?
How are oral traditions passed down through generations?
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From birth, the way a child is held and touched is closely tied to their culture.
From birth, the way a child is held and touched is closely tied to their culture.
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How do cultural foods have a prominent place in Toronto?
How do cultural foods have a prominent place in Toronto?
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Children learn through observation and practice.
Children learn through observation and practice.
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How can children learn cultural practices and daily routines?
How can children learn cultural practices and daily routines?
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Visual expression can only include art.
Visual expression can only include art.
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We can learn about a culture through the art that comes out of it.
We can learn about a culture through the art that comes out of it.
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Which of these factors are considered when naming a child? (Select all that apply)
Which of these factors are considered when naming a child? (Select all that apply)
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The United Nations initiated a declaration of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
The United Nations initiated a declaration of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
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What are some issues that continue to be faced in relation to the rights of the child? (Select all that apply)
What are some issues that continue to be faced in relation to the rights of the child? (Select all that apply)
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The universal rights of the child do not protect all children.
The universal rights of the child do not protect all children.
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Poverty is only a problem in developing countries.
Poverty is only a problem in developing countries.
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Children in conflict zones are always safe from harm and violence.
Children in conflict zones are always safe from harm and violence.
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What is one reason why countries who are in debt sell their lands to large corporations?
What is one reason why countries who are in debt sell their lands to large corporations?
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Child labour is a major problem in developing countries.
Child labour is a major problem in developing countries.
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How many babies are born in Canada each year?
How many babies are born in Canada each year?
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Every child is born with the same social, cultural, and emotional supports.
Every child is born with the same social, cultural, and emotional supports.
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What does the Vanier Institute define as a family?
What does the Vanier Institute define as a family?
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What are some responsibilities that families take on? (Select all that apply)
What are some responsibilities that families take on? (Select all that apply)
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What is a census family defined as?
What is a census family defined as?
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A census family must live in the same dwelling.
A census family must live in the same dwelling.
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Grandchildren living with their grandparent(s) but with no parents present also constitute a census family.
Grandchildren living with their grandparent(s) but with no parents present also constitute a census family.
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The family of orientation is the family you generate in the future.
The family of orientation is the family you generate in the future.
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Why do family structures vary?
Why do family structures vary?
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The dedication and commitment of family members are more important than the structure of the family.
The dedication and commitment of family members are more important than the structure of the family.
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Human development occurs most spectacularly at the beginning of life.
Human development occurs most spectacularly at the beginning of life.
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The end of the first year of life is also a time of significant change.
The end of the first year of life is also a time of significant change.
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Children develop at the same rate.
Children develop at the same rate.
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Children exhibit some desire for autonomy by 18 months.
Children exhibit some desire for autonomy by 18 months.
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What is the focus of adulthood in terms of interdependence?
What is the focus of adulthood in terms of interdependence?
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As people get older, they may become less dependent on their children.
As people get older, they may become less dependent on their children.
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Family development usually focuses on children.
Family development usually focuses on children.
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What are the three phases of family development?
What are the three phases of family development?
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The beginning family focuses on starting a family.
The beginning family focuses on starting a family.
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The birth or adoption of a child is a small event in the beginning family.
The birth or adoption of a child is a small event in the beginning family.
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The expanding family starts with the arrival of the second child.
The expanding family starts with the arrival of the second child.
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What are some challenges of the expanding family? (Select all that apply)
What are some challenges of the expanding family? (Select all that apply)
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The contracting family becomes smaller as older children grow more dependent and leave the family.
The contracting family becomes smaller as older children grow more dependent and leave the family.
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The contracting family stage can be prolonged for many years.
The contracting family stage can be prolonged for many years.
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Grandparents do not play a role in the contracting family.
Grandparents do not play a role in the contracting family.
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The family life cycle theory suggests that individuals and families follow a predictable pattern.
The family life cycle theory suggests that individuals and families follow a predictable pattern.
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The life cycle theory is only concerned with individual families.
The life cycle theory is only concerned with individual families.
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There are 6 stages in the family life cycle theory.
There are 6 stages in the family life cycle theory.
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What are some functions of a family? (Select all that apply)
What are some functions of a family? (Select all that apply)
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A dysfunctional family is characterized by a lack of communication.
A dysfunctional family is characterized by a lack of communication.
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A strong family involves treating everyone equally and getting along with each other.
A strong family involves treating everyone equally and getting along with each other.
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Which of these are characteristics of a strong family? (Select all that apply)
Which of these are characteristics of a strong family? (Select all that apply)
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The family life cycle refers to the emotional and intellectual stages you pass through from childhood to your retirement years.
The family life cycle refers to the emotional and intellectual stages you pass through from childhood to your retirement years.
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Every family goes through the same family life cycle stages at the same pace.
Every family goes through the same family life cycle stages at the same pace.
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Situations such as severe illness, financial problems, or the death of a loved one can affect the family's progress through the stages.
Situations such as severe illness, financial problems, or the death of a loved one can affect the family's progress through the stages.
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It is impossible to learn new skills or make up for missed skills in the family life cycle.
It is impossible to learn new skills or make up for missed skills in the family life cycle.
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What are some stages of the family life cycle? (Select all that apply)
What are some stages of the family life cycle? (Select all that apply)
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Mastering the skills of each stage in the family life cycle is important.
Mastering the skills of each stage in the family life cycle is important.
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If you don't master the skills of a stage, it's impossible to move to the next phase of the cycle.
If you don't master the skills of a stage, it's impossible to move to the next phase of the cycle.
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Successful transitioning through the stages of the family life cycle can help prevent disease and emotional or stress-related disorders.
Successful transitioning through the stages of the family life cycle can help prevent disease and emotional or stress-related disorders.
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The more you understand about the challenges of each stage of the family life cycle, the less prepared you will be to face those challenges.
The more you understand about the challenges of each stage of the family life cycle, the less prepared you will be to face those challenges.
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Stress and disruption to the family life cycle are common.
Stress and disruption to the family life cycle are common.
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There is only one way to manage the stress and disruption that can occur in the family life cycle.
There is only one way to manage the stress and disruption that can occur in the family life cycle.
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Personal reflection, education, and seeking counseling are ways to improve yourself and family life.
Personal reflection, education, and seeking counseling are ways to improve yourself and family life.
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Going through a divorce or being part of a non-traditional family structure can disrupt the family life cycle.
Going through a divorce or being part of a non-traditional family structure can disrupt the family life cycle.
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The independent stage is the most critical stage of the family life cycle.
The independent stage is the most critical stage of the family life cycle.
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The independent stage is the time when you begin to separate emotionally from your family.
The independent stage is the time when you begin to separate emotionally from your family.
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Intimacy is a skill that develops during the independent stage.
Intimacy is a skill that develops during the independent stage.
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Intimacy is only about physical relationships.
Intimacy is only about physical relationships.
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Intimacy can only exist in romantic relationships.
Intimacy can only exist in romantic relationships.
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The independent stage is not about developing your own identity.
The independent stage is not about developing your own identity.
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Developing healthy habits in the independent stage is important for lifelong health.
Developing healthy habits in the independent stage is important for lifelong health.
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During the independent stage, it’s important to learn to see yourself as a separate person in relation to your original family.
During the independent stage, it’s important to learn to see yourself as a separate person in relation to your original family.
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It’s not important to develop intimate peer relationships outside of the family during the independent stage.
It’s not important to develop intimate peer relationships outside of the family during the independent stage.
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Some important qualities that develop during the independent stage include trust, morals, initiative, and work ethic.
Some important qualities that develop during the independent stage include trust, morals, initiative, and work ethic.
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After achieving independence, the next stage in the family life cycle is coupling.
After achieving independence, the next stage in the family life cycle is coupling.
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Commitment to a new family only involves adaptation in marriage.
Commitment to a new family only involves adaptation in marriage.
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When you join families through marriage, you form one new family system.
When you join families through marriage, you form one new family system.
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Parenting is one of the most challenging phases of the family life cycle.
Parenting is one of the most challenging phases of the family life cycle.
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The impact of becoming a parent only affects one person in the relationship.
The impact of becoming a parent only affects one person in the relationship.
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New parents have distinct roles as individuals, spouses, and parents.
New parents have distinct roles as individuals, spouses, and parents.
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If you don't master compromise and commitment in previous stages, it won’t affect your parenting transition.
If you don't master compromise and commitment in previous stages, it won’t affect your parenting transition.
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Adapting children into other key relationships is not an important aspect of the parenting stage.
Adapting children into other key relationships is not an important aspect of the parenting stage.
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Parents only evolve as individuals during the parenting stage.
Parents only evolve as individuals during the parenting stage.
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Parents cannot express their individuality while raising children.
Parents cannot express their individuality while raising children.
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A child's healthy development is not dependent on the parents' ability to provide a safe, loving, and organized environment.
A child's healthy development is not dependent on the parents' ability to provide a safe, loving, and organized environment.
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Learning new skills in prior stages is not important for the parenting stage.
Learning new skills in prior stages is not important for the parenting stage.
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Parenting teenagers is usually easy.
Parenting teenagers is usually easy.
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Strong marriage is not important for families with teenagers.
Strong marriage is not important for families with teenagers.
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Teenagers always accept changes readily.
Teenagers always accept changes readily.
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Parents need to develop strategies for dealing with the increasing challenges of raising a teenager.
Parents need to develop strategies for dealing with the increasing challenges of raising a teenager.
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The parenting stage involves shifting parent-child relationships.
The parenting stage involves shifting parent-child relationships.
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The parenting stage requires a shift in focus back to the couple’s relationship.
The parenting stage requires a shift in focus back to the couple’s relationship.
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The parenting stage involves a shift towards concerns for older generations.
The parenting stage involves a shift towards concerns for older generations.
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The launching adult children stage begins when your first child leaves home.
The launching adult children stage begins when your first child leaves home.
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The launching adult children stage ends when your last child leaves home.
The launching adult children stage ends when your last child leaves home.
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The empty nest stage can be a time for both positive and negative consequences.
The empty nest stage can be a time for both positive and negative consequences.
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If your family has developed significant skills through the family life cycle, your children will not be ready to leave home.
If your family has developed significant skills through the family life cycle, your children will not be ready to leave home.
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It’s normal for parents to rekindle their own marriage and career goals after their children leave home.
It’s normal for parents to rekindle their own marriage and career goals after their children leave home.
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Developing adult relationships with your children is not important during the launching adult children stage.
Developing adult relationships with your children is not important during the launching adult children stage.
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If you have successfully navigated the family life cycle, your children will automatically have the skills to live well on their own.
If you have successfully navigated the family life cycle, your children will automatically have the skills to live well on their own.
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The empty nest phase is a time of significant health challenges.
The empty nest phase is a time of significant health challenges.
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Health issues related to midlife typically do not arise during the empty nest phase.
Health issues related to midlife typically do not arise during the empty nest phase.
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Caring for aging parents is a common experience in the empty nest stage.
Caring for aging parents is a common experience in the empty nest stage.
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Refocusing on the marriage, developing adult relationships with children, and releasing relationships to include in-laws and grandchildren are important goals in the empty nest stage.
Refocusing on the marriage, developing adult relationships with children, and releasing relationships to include in-laws and grandchildren are important goals in the empty nest stage.
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During the retirement phase, many changes occur in the family life cycle.
During the retirement phase, many changes occur in the family life cycle.
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The retirement phase is typically a time of decreased responsibilities for parents.
The retirement phase is typically a time of decreased responsibilities for parents.
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Becoming a grandparent is a common experience in the retirement stage.
Becoming a grandparent is a common experience in the retirement stage.
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Challenges that parents face during the retirement stage only involve their own well-being.
Challenges that parents face during the retirement stage only involve their own well-being.
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It’s important to maintain a strong social support network in the retirement stage.
It’s important to maintain a strong social support network in the retirement stage.
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Declining physical and mental abilities in the retirement stage do not affect relationships.
Declining physical and mental abilities in the retirement stage do not affect relationships.
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The death of a spouse in the retirement stage does not affect the family dynamics.
The death of a spouse in the retirement stage does not affect the family dynamics.
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Becoming a grandparent is not a fulfilling experience.
Becoming a grandparent is not a fulfilling experience.
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The retirement phase is a time of significant physical and mental challenges.
The retirement phase is a time of significant physical and mental challenges.
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Study Notes
Children and Their Cultural Heritage
- Cultural heritage is a person's unique, inherited sense of personal identity, interpreted differently across families and social groups globally.
- Canada has diverse cultural heritage.
- Culture encompasses lifestyles, behaviors, beliefs, and institutions passed down through generations.
- Culture shapes daily experiences, emotions, and personal presentation.
Transmitting Cultural Heritage
- Art is a way to express and recognize cultural heritage.
- Indigenous cultures often use oral histories.
- Common goals in child-rearing exist across cultures.
- Key aspects of child-rearing include following instructions, showing responsibility, and achieving goals.
- Parental authority is often related to the concept of patriarchy (male dominance), which is prevalent in many cultures and rooted in religious traditions.
Modern Changes in Parental Authority
- Same-sex marriage is a modern reality.
- Dual-income families, with both parents working, are increasingly common.
- Traditional gender roles are being challenged.
- Single-parent households are becoming more prevalent.
Rules For Behavior
- Religious and cultural beliefs influence family rules and discipline styles.
- Discipline practices vary across cultures.
- Prevailing practices impact the methods of child-rearing.
Naming Children
- Gendered names are prevalent.
- Religious figures are often namesakes.
- Family traditions are linked to naming conventions.
- Popularity can influence naming trends.
- Names may carry significance or meaning.
Universal Rights of Children
- The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1998) establishes universal child rights.
- Poverty, malnutrition, child labor, and abuse continue to be issues worldwide.
- Conflicts and wars impact children's well-being.
Family Structures
- Statistics Canada defines a census family as a married couple with children, a couple living together in a common-law relationship with children, or a single parent with at least one child living in the same residence.
- Several types of family structures exist in Canada, including one-person households, couples without children, multi-generational households, and single-parent families.
Family Size and Changes
- Factors influencing family size include culture, religion, economic conditions, and peer influence.
- Delaying parenthood is an increasingly common choice for some due to factors like career ambition and personal goals.
- Families undergo changes due to the life cycle of their children's growth and development.
Family Life Cycle
- There are stages a family progresses through (the beginning family, the expanding family, the contracting family).
- Skills practiced and challenges encountered vary depending on the family's life-cycle stage.
Parenting Adolescents
- Adolescence is a time of transition that can be challenging for individuals and families.
- Parents need specific skills during this phase for effective child-rearing.
- The child may exhibit differing views (values, lifestyle) to the parents.
Launching Adult Children
- Many parents experience this stage when their children leave home to begin independent life.
- Adjustments are sometimes necessary in the family's structure.
Retirement and the Family Life Cycle
- When children leave home, parents may have to adapt to a different life style, possibly having increased free time
- Families deal with physical and/or emotional changes that come with aging.
Reproductive System
- Various methods for preventing pregnancy and STIs are discussed.
Important Parental Issues
- Issues like childcare, finances, work-life balance, raising children affect parents.
- Families can use support systems and external services from communities to maintain stability.
Adoption
- Adoption is a legal process with specific rules and procedures.
- Adoption allows children to have families.
- Roles and responsibilities of adoptive parents vary.
Cost of Raising a Child
- Statistics Canada provides data on average costs of raising a child.
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