Furuncles and Carbuncles Quiz

Furuncles

• Known as "boils," these are localized pyogenic skin infections usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
• They typically arise from folliculitis and can present as painful, swollen lumps filled with pus.

Carbuncles

• Deep-seated pyogenic infections that occur from the coalescence of multiple furuncles.
• Associated with Staphylococcus aureus and can lead to systemic symptoms if untreated.

Abscesses

• Collections of pus that form within body tissues due to infection, commonly linked with Staphylococcus aureus.
• Requires drainage and antibiotic treatment to resolve.

Scalded Skin Syndrome (Ritter’s Disease or SSSS)

• Serious skin condition caused by Staphylococcus aureus leading to extensive shedding of skin.
• Characterized by draining lesions or purulent discharge, often spreading rapidly in epidemic forms.

Impetigo

• Highly contagious skin infection primarily caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcus).
• Presents as pus-filled blisters, typically seen in children, often affecting exposed skin areas.

Scarlet Fever

• Known as "scarlatina," caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, marked by a distinctive pink-red rash.
• Rash is most prominent on the abdomen, accompanied by fever and sore throat.

Erysipelas

• A form of cellulitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, presenting with hot, tender, and red eruptions.
• Often associated with systemic symptoms such as fever.

Necrotizing Fasciitis

• Life-threatening inflammation of the fascia, commonly referred to as "flesh-eating bacteria," primarily caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Requires immediate medical intervention to prevent tissue loss.

Eye Infections

• Adenoviral Conjunctivitis: Caused by adenoviruses, primarily transmitted through direct contact with infected secretions.
• Keratoconjunctivitis: Similar transmission to adenoviral conjunctivitis, also caused by adenoviruses.

Bacterial Conjunctivitis (Pinkeye)

• Highly contagious infection resulting from Haemophilus influenzae or Streptococcus pneumoniae.
• Symptoms include irritation, redness, and purulent discharge from the eyes.

Chlamydial Conjunctivitis

• Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and transmitted through contact with genital discharges or contaminated surfaces.
• Can occur in newborns during birth.

Trachoma

• Chronic bacterial infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, leading to conjunctival scarring and potential blindness.
• Transmission occurs through contact with infectious secretions or mechanical vectors like flies.

Gonococcal Conjunctivitis

• Caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, typically transmitted during childbirth, presenting with acute conjunctival inflammation.
• Characterized by purulent discharge.

Infections of the G.U. Tract

• Anogenital Herpes: Mainly caused by HSV-2, can also involve HSV-1, spread through direct or sexual contact.
• Genital Warts: Caused by HPV, resembling small cauliflower-like lesions, primarily transmitted sexually.
• Genital Chlamydial Infections: Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, transmitted through direct sexual contact.
• Gonorrhea: Infected through direct or sexual contact, it requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.
• Syphilis: Caused by Treponema pallidum, this treponemal disease progresses through four stages.

Additional Conditions

• Dermatitis: General inflammation of the skin.
• Folliculitis: Inflammation of hair follicles, typically occurs when follicles become infected or clogged.
• Dental Caries: Tooth decay due to dental plaque buildup.
• Gingivitis: Inflammation of gums, often resulting from plaque accumulation.

Test your knowledge on furuncles and carbuncles, including their causes, related bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, and precautions needed to prevent infection. This quiz covers definitions, manifestations, and standard contact precautions in healthcare settings.