Fungi Phyla and Reproduction Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which phylum of fungi is known for producing flagellated spores?

  • Basidiomycota
  • Ascomycota
  • Zygomycota
  • Chytridiomycota (correct)

What is the primary habitat in which chytrids thrive?

  • Aquatic (correct)
  • Terrestrial
  • Airborne
  • Parasitic

Which specialized hyphae are utilized by common molds to spread across food surfaces?

  • Basidia
  • Stolons (correct)
  • Rhizoids
  • Conidiophores

How do rhizoids function in common molds?

<p>They absorb nutrients from food. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reproduction is commonly observed in molds during unfavorable conditions?

<p>Sexual (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phylum is recognized for containing a greater number of species than any other fungal phylum?

<p>Ascomycota (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures are responsible for spore production during asexual reproduction in sac fungi?

<p>Conidiophores (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of spores are formed during sexual reproduction in common molds?

<p>Zygospores (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which fungal group would you find structures forming zygotes during reproduction?

<p>Zygomycota (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure is specifically associated with the Ascomycota phylum?

<p>Ascus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of structure is an asci in sac fungi responsible for?

<p>Producing sexual spores (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phylum includes the majority of fungal species commonly referred to as mushrooms?

<p>Basidiomycota (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structural characteristic of a basidium?

<p>A club-shaped structure in Basidiomycota (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor are lichens particularly sensitive to in their environment?

<p>Airborne pollutants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What important role do fungi serve as decomposers in ecosystems?

<p>Break down dead organic matter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of mycorrhizae in plant-fungi symbiosis?

<p>Increase root surface area for absorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which classification applies to fungi that have not been observed reproducing sexually?

<p>Imperfect fungi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What medical benefit is commonly associated with fungi?

<p>Produce antibiotics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Chytridiomycota is true?

<p>They are mostly aquatic fungi. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding mycorrhizae and plant relationships?

<p>They involve mutualistic relationships. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Chytridiomycota

A phylum of fungi characterized by the production of flagellated spores, which are motile spores with a whip-like tail.

Aquatic

The primary habitat for Chytridiomycota fungi, where they can access water for their flagellated spores.

Stolons

Specialized hyphae, or thread-like structures, used by common molds for creeping across surfaces, like a runner plant spreading out.

Rhizoids

Specialized hyphae that absorb nutrients from food sources for common molds.

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Sexual Reproduction

A form of reproduction that occurs in molds under unfavorable conditions, usually involving the joining of two individuals to create genetic diversity.

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Ascomycota

The fungal phylum with the largest number of identified species, including familiar examples like yeasts, molds, and morels.

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Conidiophores

Specialized structures involved in asexual reproduction in Ascomycota, responsible for producing spores without sexual fusion.

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Asci

Structures that form zygotes, or fertilized cells, during sexual reproduction in Ascomycota, the first step in creating new genetic combinations.

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What is a basidium?

A club-shaped structure in Basidiomycota fungi where sexual reproduction occurs and spores are produced.

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What phylum includes mushrooms?

A group of fungi that includes mushrooms, toadstools, and puffballs, known for their characteristic club-shaped reproductive structures called basidia.

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What are fungi classified as if their sexual reproduction is unknown?

Fungi that are classified as imperfect fungi because their sexual reproduction has not been observed. They reproduce primarily asexually.

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What is the function of mycorrhizae?

A mutualistic relationship between fungi and plant roots where the fungi provide increased surface area for nutrient absorption by roots, and the plants provide carbohydrates to the fungi.

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What is an ascus?

A sac-like cell in Ascomycota fungi that contains spores produced during sexual reproduction.

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What role do fungi play in ecosystems as decomposers?

Fungi that break down dead organic matter, playing a crucial role in recycling nutrients in ecosystems. They help convert complex organic materials into simpler forms.

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What are lichens sensitive to?

Airborne pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide and ozone, can negatively impact the growth and survival of lichens.

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What are hyphae?

These filamentous structures, which are found in most fungi, play a crucial role in nutrient absorption and spreading.

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What is a gametangia?

Fungal structures that produce gametes (sex cells).

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What are stolons?

These are horizontal stems that grow along the surface of the ground, producing new plants at intervals. They are a common method of asexual reproduction in some plants.

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Study Notes

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

  • Question 1: Which phylum of fungi produces flagellated spores?

    • The correct answer is Chytridiomycota.

  • Question 2: What is the main habitat of chytrids?

    • Aquatic environments are the primary habitat for chytrids.

  • Question 3: What specialized hyphae do common molds use to grow across food surfaces?

    • Stolons are the specialized hyphae used by common molds to spread across food surfaces.

  • Question 4: How do rhizoids function in common molds?

    • Rhizoids absorb nutrients from food sources.

  • Question 5: What type of reproduction is common in molds when conditions are unfavorable?

    • Sexual reproduction is common in molds when conditions are unfavorable.

  • Question 6: Which phylum contains more species than any other fungal phylum?

    • Ascomycota contains more species than any other fungal phylum.

  • Question 7: What structures produce spores during asexual reproduction in sac fungi?

    • Conidiophores produce spores during asexual reproduction in sac fungi.

  • Question 8: What structure forms zygotes in sac fungi?

    • Ascus forms zygotes in sac fungi.

  • Question 9: Which phylum includes mushrooms?

    • Basidiomycota includes mushrooms.

  • Question 10: What is a basidium?

    • A basidium is a club-shaped structure found in Basidiomycota.

  • Question 11: What are lichens sensitive to?

    • Lichens are sensitive to airborne pollutants.

  • Question 12: What role do fungi play in ecosystems as decomposers?

    • Fungi break down dead organic matter.

  • Question 13: What is the function of mycorrhizae?

    • Mycorrhizae increase root surface area for absorption.

  • Question 14: What are fungi classified as when they have not been observed reproducing sexually?

    • Imperfect fungi

  • Question 15: What medical benefit do fungi provide?

    • Fungi produce antibiotics.

True or False Questions

  • Question 1: Chytridiomycota are mostly terrestrial fungi. False

  • Question 2: Common molds reproduce only sexually. False

  • Question 3: Sac fungi include both multicellular and unicellular species. True

  • Question 4: Basidiomycota rarely produce asexual spores. True

  • Question 5: Lichens need complex conditions to grow, including abundant water and minerals. False

  • Question 6: Fungi are important for recycling nutrients in ecosystems. True

  • Question 7: Deuteromycota fungi are classified because of their well-known reproductive methods. False

  • Question 8: Hyphae are structures that help fungi absorb nutrients. True

  • Question 9: Mycorrhizae involve mutualistic relationships between fungi and plant roots. True

  • Question 10: Fungi produce enzymes that help maintain soil pH balance. True

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