Fungi Facts

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Questions and Answers

What are the key adaptations of seed plants?

  • Pollen, seeds, and gametophyte reduction (correct)
  • Naked seeds and conifers
  • Flowers and fruits
  • Moss and ferns

What are the five phyla of fungi?

The five phyla of fungi are Chytrids, Zygomycetes, Glomeromycetes, Ascomycetes, and Basidiomycetes.

Seed plants have key adaptations including ______, pollen, and gametophyte reduction - seeds

Which type of fungi forms mycorrhizae?

<p>Glomeromycetes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the advantages of seed plants compared to non-seed plants.

<p>Seed plants have the advantages of protection against environmental stressors and no longer being dependent on water for transport of sperm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the advantages that seed plants have over non-seed plants.

<p>Seed plants have advantages such as protection from environmental stressors and sperm no longer being dependent on water for transport.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ecological significance of fungi?

<p>Fungi are essential for ecosystems as they play a vital role in nutrient cycling, decomposing organic matter, and maintaining soil structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key adaptation of seed plants?

<p>Naked seeds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of fungi?

<p>They are absorptive heterotrophs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the key adaptations of seed plants?

<p>The key adaptations of seed plants include seeds, pollen, and gametophyte reduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of fungi made of?

<p>The structure of fungi is made of hyphae and mycelium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a use of fungi?

<p>Clean water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flowers and fruits are derived traits of ______ - angiosperms

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Which of the following is a derived trait of angiosperms?

<p>Flowers and fruits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the different types of fungi and how do they differ from each other?

<p>The different types of fungi include chytrids, zygomycetes, glomeromycetes, ascomycetes, and basidiomycetes. They differ from each other in terms of their reproductive structures, life cycle, and ecological roles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structure of fungi?

<p>Hyphae and mycelium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the adaptations of gymnosperms?

<p>Gymnosperms have naked seeds and conifers are one of four phyla.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of seed plants?

<p>Protection from environmental stressors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chitinous cell walls in fungi?

<p>To provide structural support (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are flowers and fruits derived traits of angiosperms?

<p>Flowers and fruits are derived traits of angiosperms because they help in attracting pollinators and in the dispersal of seeds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of specialized hyphae in fungi?

<p>Specialized hyphae in fungi enable them to form mutualistic relationships with plants, facilitating the exchange of nutrients and other resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gymnosperms have naked seeds and conifers are one of ______ phyla - four

Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of nutrition of fungi?

<p>Fungi are absorptive heterotrophs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an advantage of seed plants?

<p>Protection from environmental stressors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the largest and oldest living organism?

<p>Armillaria bulbosa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the difference in ploidy levels between moss and ferns.

<p>Moss and ferns have different ploidy levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a method of fungal propagation?

<p>Producing spores (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four periods of plant evolution?

<p>The four periods of plant evolution include colonization of land, vascularization, seeds, and fruit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fungi has a flagella?

<p>Chytrids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do ascomycetes and basidiomycetes differ from each other in terms of their reproductive structures?

<p>Ascomycetes have sac-like asci and ascocarps that contain asci, while basidiomycetes produce fruiting bodies called basidiocarps.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do fungi propagate?

<p>Fungi propagate by producing spores.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the derived trait of angiosperms?

<p>Flowers and fruits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phylum do conifers belong to?

<p>Coniferophyta (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of pollinators in fertilization.

<p>Pollinators facilitate fertilization by transferring pollen from the anther to the stigma of flowers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

______ facilitate fertilization and attract pollinators - Pollinators

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Moss and ferns have different ______ levels - ploidy

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What are the different types of mycorrhizae and which type is formed by Glomeromycetes?

<p>The different types of mycorrhizae include arbuscular mycorrhizae and ectomycorrhizae. Glomeromycetes form arbuscular mycorrhizae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of gymnosperms?

<p>Gymnosperms have naked seeds and conifers are one of four phyla.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phylum of fungi has flagella?

<p>Chytrids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some adaptations of fruits and seeds that help in their dispersal?

<p>Fruits and seeds have adaptations such as hooks, wings, and fleshy structures that help in their dispersal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of mutualistic relationships between fungi and plants?

<p>To facilitate nutrient absorption for the plant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of pollinators in plant fertilization?

<p>To facilitate fertilization and attract pollinators (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the life cycle of fungi?

<p>Fungi have a two-stage syngamy life cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the newest kingdom?

<p>Plantae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phyla of fungi have flagella?

<p>Chytrids have flagella.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do adaptations of fruits and seeds help plants?

<p>To disperse seeds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the different ways in which fungi are used?

<p>Fungi are used in various areas, including food production, medicine, bioremediation, and agriculture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fungi produces fruiting bodies called basidiocarps?

<p>Basidiomycetes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Seed plants have advantages such as protection from environmental stressors and sperm no longer being dependent on water for ______ - transport

Signup and view all the answers

What are the four periods of plant evolution?

<p>The four periods of plant evolution include colonization of land, vascularization, seeds, and fruit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do pollinators facilitate?

<p>Fertilization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do pollinators facilitate fertilization in plants?

<p>Pollinators facilitate fertilization and attract pollinators.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phylum of fungi forms arbuscular mycorrhizae?

<p>Glomeromycetes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some adaptations of fruits and seeds that help in seed dispersal?

<p>Adaptations of fruits and seeds help disperse seeds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique feature of Zygomycota?

<p>Zygomycota have a dikaryon within a resistant sporangium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the two-stage syngamy life cycle of fungi?

<p>The two-stage syngamy life cycle of fungi involves the fusion of haploid cells to form a dikaryotic cell, which then undergoes nuclear fusion to form a diploid cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the newest kingdom?

<p>Plants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an adaptation of fruits and seeds?

<p>Dispersal of seeds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of asci in Ascomycetes?

<p>To produce spores (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Adaptations of fruits and seeds help ______ seeds - disperse

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Which phylum of fungi has a dikaryon in a cup of the fungus?

<p>Ascomycetes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Moss and ferns differ in terms of ploidy levels?

<p>Moss and ferns have different ploidy levels, with moss being haploid and ferns being diploid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ecological role of Glomeromycota?

<p>Glomeromycota form arbuscular mycorrhizae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the life cycle of fungi?

<p>Two-stage syngamy and production of spores (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phylum of fungi has meiosis in basidia?

<p>Basidiomycetes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chitinous cell walls in fungi?

<p>Chitinous cell walls in fungi provide structural support and protection for the fungal cell. They also play a role in cellular communication and adhesion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What topics are covered in Crash Course Biology videos?

<p>Colonization of land and alternation of generations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

  • Assignment 6 due March 9, Quiz 6 open until April 17
  • Blue whale and Armillaria bulbosa are large living organisms
  • Fungi are absorptive heterotrophs with chitinous cell walls
  • Fungi are essential for ecosystems and have diverse uses
  • Fungi have specialized hyphae and mutualistic relationships with plants
  • Fungi have a two-stage syngamy life cycle and produce spores
  • Fungi can be grouped ecologically and taxonomically
  • Chytrids, zygomycetes, glomeromycetes, ascomycetes, and basidiomycetes are different types of fungi
  • Zygomycetes form zygosporangium and Glomeromycetes form mycorrhizae
  • Fungi have ecological and conservation implications.- Ascomycetes have symbiotic associations with algae or cyanobacteria.
  • Dikaryotic hyphae produce dikaryotic asci.
  • Meiosis yields 4 haploid nuclei and ascospores disperse.
  • Chytrids have flagella, Zygomycota have dikaryon within resistant sporangium, and Glomeromycota have arbuscular mycorrhizae.
  • Basidiomycota have long-lived mycelium and fruiting body.
  • Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes are decomposers, pathogenic, and parasitic.
  • Ascomycetes have sac-like asci and ascocarps that contain asci.
  • Basidiomycetes produce fruiting bodies called basidiocarps.
  • Basidiomycetes decompose wood and are parasitic, while Ascomycetes have cup fungus, truffle, and morel.
  • Fungal hyphae and mycelium are the primary structures, and they are absorptive heterotrophs with a 2-stage syngamy.

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