Fungal Interactions and Competition
30 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism by which fungal interaction can lead to survival?

  • Production of antifungal compounds (correct)
  • Competitive inhibition of nutrient uptake
  • Production of morphology modulating compounds
  • Co-aggregation of fungal species

    • Which of the following scenarios BEST exemplifies the concept of antagonism in the context of bacteria-fungi interactions?

  • A fungus utilizing a bacterial metabolite to produce a secondary metabolite.
  • A fungus producing a toxin that inhibits the growth of a neighboring bacteria. (correct)
  • Two fungal species competing for the same nutrient source.
  • A bacteria residing within a fungal mycelium, benefiting from the host.

    • What is the significance of the bacterial species Burkholderia in the context of fungal-bacterial interactions?

  • It is an endofungal bacteria that promotes the growth of its fungal host.
  • It is a mycoparasitic fungus that preys on other fungi.
  • It is responsible for producing toxins that cause rice seedling blight disease. (correct)
  • It enhances the virulence of its fungal host by providing essential nutrients.

    • What is the difference between an endofungal bacteria and an endosymbiont?

    <p>An endosymbiont is any microbe living within another organism, while endofungal bacteria are specifically restricted to fungal hosts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the interaction between Nanoarchaeum equitans and Ignicoccus hospitalis exemplify symbiosis?

    <p><em>Nanoarchaeum equitans</em> benefits at the expense of <em>Ignicoccus hospitalis</em>.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fungal interactions has the potential to be used in biological control of plant diseases?

    <p>Mycoparasitism of a plant pathogenic fungus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the production of secondary metabolites considered a survival strategy for fungi?

    <p>They protect fungi from competition with other microorganisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a known mechanism by which fungi interact with bacteria?

    <p>Production of antibiotics by bacteria that inhibit fungal growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the production of rhizoxin by Burkholderia influence the morphology of its fungal host, Rhizopus microsporus?

    <p>Rhizoxin induces changes in the morphology of <em>Rhizopus microsporus</em>, enabling it to produce spores more efficiently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the interaction between Trichoderma species and a plant pathogenic fungus?

    <p><em>Trichoderma</em> species inhibit the growth of the pathogenic fungus, acting as a biological control agent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Rhizobium bacteria in relation to legumes?

    <p>To fix atmospheric nitrogen for the plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme helps bacteria evade the immune response by forming a fibrin clot?

    <p>Coagulase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the process of cholera toxin causing diarrhea?

    <p>It activates epithelial adenylate cyclase, disrupting normal ion transport.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immunity is characterized by an immediate response to pathogens without prior exposure?

    <p>Innate immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the enzyme hyaluronidase in pathogenic bacteria?

    <p>To dissolve connective tissue, facilitating the spread of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the term pathogenicity in the context of infectious diseases?

    <p>The overall ability of a pathogen to cause disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of toxin is released by pathogens during their growth and can directly harm host cells?

    <p>Exotoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process describes the adherence of a pathogen to host tissue following exposure?

    <p>Infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of septicemia in a host?

    <p>Systemic spread of infection in the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the term 'attenuation' in the context of pathogenic organisms?

    <p>Loss of virulence of a pathogen due to continuous culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Methanobacillus omelianskii in the process of anaerobic digestion?

    <p>It constitutes a symbiotic relationship between a methanogenic archaeon and a Gram-negative bacterium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the lytic cycle of bacteriophages?

    <p>The host cell lyses, releasing new phage virions into the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is quorum sensing primarily used for in bacterial communities?

    <p>To coordinate collective behaviors such as bioluminescence and biofilm formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the endosymbiotic theory, what organelles evolved from engulfed bacteria?

    <p>Mitochondria and chloroplasts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a holobiont in the context of microbe-host interactions?

    <p>An organism and its associated microbial communities acting as a single ecological unit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the gut microbiome influence mammalian immunity according to the latest theories?

    <p>It shapes the tissues and molecular profiles during the host's development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the role of zooxanthellae in corals?

    <p>They contribute to the coloration of corals and enable photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in biofilms?

    <p>To anchor cells together and provide structure to the biofilm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of high methane production from ruminant gut microbiomes?

    <p>Contributions to climate change due to methane being a potent greenhouse gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the lysogenic cycle from the lytic cycle in bacteriophages?

    <p>In the lysogenic cycle, the viral DNA integrates into the host genome and remains dormant temporarily.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Competition and Antagonism

    • Competition occurs when organisms compete for resources, with one potentially benefiting at the expense of the other.
    • Antagonism describes a product's effect on another, often detrimental to the target, such as an antibiotic's effect on bacteria.

    Fungal Interactions

    Fungal-Fungal Interactions

    • Mycoparasitism describes a fungus acting as a parasite on another fungus. This interaction can alter the host's morphology and molecular profile which can affect its ability to produce infecting spores.

    Fungal-Bacterial Interactions

    • Endofungal bacteria are bacterial symbionts that reside within a fungus's mycelium.
    • These bacteria can affect the host morphology, potentially benefiting the fungus and enabling the production of infecting spores, examples include Rhizopus microsporus causing Rice seedling blight disease.

    Growth

    • Fungal growth can be influenced by factors such as production of antifungal compounds, protection from antibiotics, and availability of nutrients in the environment and competitive inhibition.

    Survival

    • Fungal interactions can trigger the production of morphology-modulating compounds and antifungal compounds, which plays a role in fungal survival strategies.
    • Mycoparasitism is a strategy where one fungus survives by harming another.

    Virulence

    • Fungi often produce virulence factors to enhance their ability to invade tissues.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Microbiological Community Interactions PDF

    Description

    Explore the fascinating world of fungal interactions, competition, and antagonism. This quiz delves into how fungi interact with each other and with bacteria, influencing growth and resource competition. Test your knowledge on mycoparasitism, endofungal bacteria, and their ecological implications.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser