Fundamentos del Sonido

A pressure variation in the air caused by mechanical vibration, propagating through an elastic medium (sound wave). It creates an auditory sensation processed by the brain.

The originator of a sound.

How sound spreads from one place to another.

A type of wave where particle oscillation is in the same direction as wave propagation.

Force exerted by air particles per unit area; measured in Pascals (Pa).

Number of pressure oscillations per second, measured in Hertz (Hz).

Maximum displacement from the equilibrium pressure, relating to sound wave strength.

The reference point for sound measurement, equal to the threshold of human hearing.

The number of waves that pass a point per second. Measured in Hertz (Hz).

The range of frequencies audible to humans, from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz.

Frequencies below the range of human hearing.

Frequencies above the range of human hearing.

The distance between two consecutive points on a wave.

Frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional. As one increases, the other decreases.

The time it takes for one complete cycle of a wave.

Wavelength (λ) = speed of sound (c) x period (T)

A graphical or mathematical representation of how sound pressure changes over time or distance, commonly using a sine wave as a basic model.

The pressure fluctuation of a sound wave, which is added to atmospheric pressure.

The average value of a sound wave's pressure variations over time.

The simplest mathematical representation of a sound wave, with only one frequency.

An instrument used to display the fluctuating pressure of sound waves graphically.

An instrument that displays the wave of a sound in terms of voltage and time.

Sound waves made up of multiple sine waves of varying frequencies and amplitudes.

The process of adding multiple independent sound waves (and their associated frequencies) to produce a new, composite sound wave.

The perceived highness or lowness of a sound, determined by the frequency of the sound wave.

The number of sound wave cycles per second, measured in Hertz (Hz).

The length of time a sound lasts.

The loudness or softness of a sound, related to the amplitude of the sound wave.

The lowest frequency component of a complex sound.

A multiple of the fundamental frequency in a complex sound.

A method to decompose complex sounds into their component frequencies.

A visual representation of the frequencies of a sound over time.

The amount of sound energy that passes through a unit area per second; measured in decibels (dB).

The quality of a sound that allows us to distinguish between sounds of the same loudness and pitch made by different instruments or voices.

The rate at which sound travels through a medium, affected by temperature and medium type.

Sound qualities like 'balanced', 'bright', or 'dark' are based on personal perception.

Frequencies in a sound that are multiples of the fundamental frequency.

Speed of sound at 343 m/s at 20°C, standard sea level conditions.

Sound travels faster in solids than liquids, and faster in liquids than gases.

Sound speed increases with higher temperature.