CCNA Module 1: IP Static Routing Quiz and Routing Concepts

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a routing algorithm in a router?

To select the best route between the source and the destination

What is the key difference between static and dynamic routing?

Static routes are configured before any network interactions, whereas dynamic routing requires routers to communicate with each other to learn about network paths.

What is stored in a routing table?

Path data

What is the primary advantage of static routing in terms of network security?

The network administrator conducts the necessary routing activities, making the network more secure Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of routing decisions in static routing?

Routing decisions do not depend on factors like network traffic or topology Signup and view all the answers

What is the economic benefit of static routing?

The overall cost of static routing is less Signup and view all the answers

What does a router do when it finds a matching network in the routing table?

The router encapsulates the packet into the data link frame of the outgoing exit interface and then forwards the packet out that interface to its destination. Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary functions of a router?

To determine the best path to send packets and to forward packets toward their destination. Signup and view all the answers

What does a router examine when it receives a packet?

The destination address of the packet. Signup and view all the answers

What does a router do when it receives a frame from its Ethernet interface?

It de-encapsulates the packet to search the routing table for a matching network. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a router's ability to handle different data link layer frame encapsulations?

The router can receive a frame from one interface (e.g. Ethernet) and encapsulate it into a different frame type (e.g. PPP) for the outgoing interface. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a packet after a router finds a match in the routing table?

The router encapsulates the packet into the data link frame of the outgoing exit interface and then forwards the packet out that interface to its destination. Signup and view all the answers

What action does R2 take after determining that the destination IP address is on a different network?

R2 searches the routing table to find a corresponding route for the destination IPv4 address. Signup and view all the answers

Why does R2 not have to resolve the next-hop IP address with a destination MAC address?

Because the exit interface is not Ethernet. Signup and view all the answers

What type of data link frame is used by the exit interface of R2?

A new data link frame used by the Serial 0/0/0 interface. Signup and view all the answers

What is the destination address set to by R2 on the serial interface?

An equivalent of a broadcast. Signup and view all the answers

What action does R3 take after receiving the packet from R2?

R3 de-encapsulates the data link PPP frame and searches the routing table for the destination IPv4 address. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the Ethernet frame when R1 forwards it out of the FastEthernet 0/1 interface?

R2 examines the destination MAC address and copies the frame into its buffer. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a router in a network?

To determine the best path to send packets. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the Layer 3 IP addresses as a packet travels from the source device to the destination device?

They do not change. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of de-encapsulating the packet in the switching function of a router?

To expose the Layer 3 packet. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the Layer 2 data link addresses as a packet travels from the source device to the destination device?

They change at every hop. Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a routing table search in a router?

One of three path determinations: directly connected network, or one of two other possibilities. Signup and view all the answers

What is the final step in the switching function of a router?

The router encapsulates the Layer 3 packet into a new Layer 2 frame and forwards the frame out the exit interface. Signup and view all the answers

What information does a routing table entry contain?

The destination network and the outgoing interface to use when forwarding packets to the destination network. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to interfaces when they are configured with an IP address, subnet mask, and activated with the no shutdown command?

They are automatically added to the routing table with connected („C‟) and local („L‟) entries. Signup and view all the answers

What command is used to verify that IPv6 networks and interface addresses have been installed in the IPv6 routing table?

The show ipv6 route command. Signup and view all the answers

What does an 'L' indicate in an IPv6 routing table entry?

It is a local route, but with a /128 prefix. Signup and view all the answers

What type of routes are manually configured and define an explicit path between two networking devices?

Static routes. Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of static routes?

They must be manually reconfigured if the network topology changes. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Routing Concepts

Routing is the technique of determining the optimal path to transmit data from one location to another.
Routers operate on the network layer of the OSI model and the internet layer of the TCP/IP model.
Routing algorithms enable routers to select the best route between the source and destination.
Routing tables store path data.

Types of Routing

Static routing: configured before network interactions, also known as "non-adaptive routing".
Dynamic routing: requires routers to communicate with other routers to learn about network paths.

Static Routing

Network administrators configure routes in the routing table.
Routers transfer data from source to destination using the administrator-defined route.
Routing decisions do not depend on network traffic or topology.
Static routing does not require much bandwidth between routers.
The network is more secure because the network administrator conducts the necessary routing activities.
The overall cost of static routing is less.

Packet Forwarding Mechanisms

Routers determine the best path to send packets and forward packets toward their destination.
When a router receives a packet, it examines the destination address and uses the routing table to look for the best path.
Routers can handle different data link layer frame encapsulations.

Packet Routing

Routers de-encapsulate packets to search the routing table for a matching network.
When a match is found, the router encapsulates the packet into the data link frame of the outgoing exit interface and forwards the packet out that interface to its destination.

Reach the Destination

Routers use a switching function to accept a packet on one interface and forward it out of another interface.
This process involves de-encapsulating the Layer 2 frame header and trailer, examining the destination IP address, and encapsulating the packet into a new Layer 2 frame.

Path Determination

Routing decisions result in one of three path determinations: directly connected network, remote network, or no route.
Directly connected networks are forwarded out of the interface connected to the destination network.

Directly Connected Networks

Interfaces are configured with an appropriate IP address, subnet mask, and activated with the no shutdown command.
Configured interfaces are automatically added to the routing table as directly connected networks.
The routing table shows the destination network and the outgoing interface to use when forwarding packets to the destination network.

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Description

Learn about the basics of routing, including routing concepts and static routing. Understand how routers operate on the network layer of the OSI model and the internet layer of the TCP/IP model.

Fundamentals of Routing Protocols: Module 1

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