Fundamentals of Nursing Chapters 1-4 Flashcards

American Nursing Association (ANA)

• Develops and publishes nursing practice guidelines and standards
• Defines the profession of nursing

Nurse Practice Act (NPA)

• Regulates nursing practice within each state
• Ensures public health, safety, and welfare

Nursing Shortage Causes

• Aging workforce contributing to higher demand for care
• Fewer nurses being trained

Levels of Nursing Proficiency (Benner)

• Novice: Beginner with no experience
• Advanced Beginner: Some observational experience
• Competent: 2-3 years in the same position, understands care requirements
• Proficient: Over 2-3 years of experience, able to manage care
• Expert: Diverse nursing experience

ANA Standards of Nursing Practice

• Includes six main components: Assessment, Diagnosis, Outcomes Identification, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation

ANA Standards of Professional Performance

• Encompasses ten areas, including Ethics, Education, Quality of Practice, Communication, Leadership

Professional Roles and Responsibilities

• Emphasizes autonomy, accountability, and roles such as Caregiver, Advocate, Educator

Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN)

• Most independently functioning nurse role, requiring a master's or DNP degree

Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS)

• An APRN focusing on specialized patient care in specific areas

Certified Nurse Midwife (CNM)

• APRN with a master's degree in midwifery, specializing in pregnancy and delivery

Nurse Practitioner (NP)

• Delivers comprehensive health care across all ages, emphasizing primary and specialty care

Certified Registered Nurse Anesthesiologist (CRNA)

• Specializes in anesthesia administration, often under physician supervision

Nurse Educator

• Primarily works in academic and professional training settings

Nurse Administrator

• Oversees nursing and healthcare service delivery within organizations

Nurse Researcher

• Engages in evidence-based research to enhance nursing practice and knowledge

Historical Influences on Nursing

• Florence Nightingale: Established nursing as a profession focusing on health and evidence
• Harriet Tubman: Pioneer in nursing during the civil war
• Mary Mahoney: First professionally prepared Black nurse

Advances in Nursing Science

• Evidence-based practices lead to reduced healthcare errors and improvements in patient safety

Role of Professional Nursing Organizations

• Essential for advocacy, sharing ideas, and maintaining standards in nursing

Nursing Process

• Critical thinking framework comprising Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation

Compassion Fatigue

• Emotional exhaustion affecting caregivers, leading to feelings of stress or numbness

Burnout

• State of physical and mental exhaustion caused by overwhelming demands

National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN)

• Nonprofit overseeing nursing regulatory bodies and licensure examinations

Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)

• Program aimed at equipping nurses with competencies to enhance healthcare systems

Challenges Facing Nursing

• Aging demographics, provider shortages, and impending nursing retirements

Six Levels of Healthcare

• Practical levels include Preventative, Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Restorative, Continuing Care

Discharge Planning

• Begins upon patient admission

Factors Affecting Healthcare Access

• Economic, cultural, educational, and geographical barriers impacting patient care

Quality Healthcare Indicators (STEEEP)

• Emphasizes safety, timeliness, effectiveness, efficiency, equity, and patient-centeredness

Payment for Value

• Links healthcare reimbursement to quality performance metrics

Affordable Care Act (ACA)

• Established minimum health insurance standards and expanded Medicaid eligibility

Magnet Recognition Program

• Acknowledges healthcare organizations for excellence in nursing practice

National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI)

• Tool for measuring nursing-sensitive outcomes to improve patient care quality

Public Health vs Community Health Nursing

• Public health focuses on population health; community health emphasizes direct community engagement and advocacy

Community-Oriented vs Community-Based Nursing

• Community-oriented focuses on health promotion and disease prevention, while community-based provides direct care

Nursing Theories and Practice

• Theories guide nursing care delivery, contributing to knowledge evolution within the profession

Types of Nursing Theories

• Grand theories are broad and abstract; mid-range theories are specific; practice theories are situation-specific

Theorists and Their Contributions

• Each theorist, from Nightingale to Rogers, contributed unique perspectives that shaped nursing practice and care models

Role of Nursing Theory in Research

• Nursing theory informs research, enhancing the scientific basis of nursing practices

Nurse’s Role During a Pandemic

• Educate the public on prevention, liaison between patients and care services, and case investigation

Community Health Nurse Focus

• Aim to reduce asthma incidence and improve self-management among patients through education

Restorative Care Outcomes

• Should align with patient's recovery goals following acute illness or extended hospitalization### Patient Mobility
• Ability to walk 200 feet without experiencing shortness of breath indicates stable respiratory function.

Integrated Health Care System

• Holistic focus on patient care across various services.
• Coordination of a continuum of care enhances patient experience.
• Electronic Health Records (EHR) are utilized for seamless information sharing among healthcare team members.

Intentional Hourly Rounding Outcomes

• Evidence-based outcomes include:
  • Improved patient satisfaction and engagement.
  • Reduction in patient falls due to regular monitoring.
  • Decreased use of patient call lights as needs are proactively addressed.

Discharge Planning for Rehabilitation

• Important factors in discharge planning include:
  • Patient and family involvement in the referral process is crucial.
  • The timing of making referrals should occur before discharge.
  • Incorporation of specific recommendations from referrals into patient care plans ensures continuity.

Needs of Patients with Mental Illness

• Common issues faced by patients with mental illnesses:
  • Many lack a stable, permanent housing situation.
  • Unemployment rates are higher among this population.
  • Patients are at increased risk for abuse; however, most do not reside in long-term care settings.
• Misconception to address: The prevalence of patients living in long-term settings is overstated.

Explore essential concepts from the first four chapters of 'Fundamentals of Nursing' by Potter & Perry through engaging flashcards. This quiz covers the American Nursing Association, Nurse Practice Act, and addresses the nursing shortage. Test your knowledge and reinforce your understanding of nursing fundamentals!