Urinary Elimination NCLEX Questions & Flashcards for Nursing Fundamentals

Study Notes

Urinary Elimination

Normal bladder capacity: 600-1000ml
The detrusor muscle and internal sphincter work together to retain urine in the bladder
The urinary meatus is the exit point for urination

Urethra

Transports urine from the urinary bladder to the exterior of the body
Has 2 sphincters: internal and external
Relaxing the external sphincter starts the flow of urine for excretion
In males, the urethra is about 20cm long and serves as a common outlet for the reproductive system and urinary elimination
In females, the urethra is 4-6.5cm long, making women more susceptible to UTIs due to the shorter length

Urination (Micturition/Voiding)

Process of emptying the urinary bladder
Pressure arises when urine accumulates in the bladder, typically when it reaches 150-250ml in adults or 50-200ml in children
Urination is initiated when the detrusor muscle contracts, internal and external sphincters relax, and abdominal wall muscles slightly contract
Micturition can be delayed by voluntary contraction of the external sphincter

Characteristics of Urine

Normal: 1-1.8 L/day
Abnormal: Anuria (zero urine production) or other variations

Functions of the Urinary System

Removes waste products from the blood
Eliminates waste products from the body
Regulates blood volume
Maintains a balance of blood pH and electrolytes

Kidneys

Maintain the composition and volume of body fluids
Excrete body wastes through urine

Ureters

Transport urine from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder

Urinary Bladder

Temporarily stores urine and empties periodically when full
Sends a signal to the spinal cord when it becomes full to signal the need for emptying

Description

This quiz is designed to test students' understanding of the basic anatomy and the process of urinary elimination as well as factors and diagnostic methods influencing the process. By taking this quiz, students can assess their knowledge and readiness in the field of nursing.