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Questions and Answers
What is Linux primarily classified as?
What is Linux primarily classified as?
Which command is used to copy a file in the given syntax?
Which command is used to copy a file in the given syntax?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Linux as mentioned?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Linux as mentioned?
Which utility allows users to interact with Linux operating systems?
Which utility allows users to interact with Linux operating systems?
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What is the key functionality of the command 'MOVE' in the context provided?
What is the key functionality of the command 'MOVE' in the context provided?
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What is the primary role of system software in a computer?
What is the primary role of system software in a computer?
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What does the BIOS do during the startup process?
What does the BIOS do during the startup process?
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Which feature distinguishes a graphical user interface (GUI) from a command-line interface?
Which feature distinguishes a graphical user interface (GUI) from a command-line interface?
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Why has Mac OS X been popular among graphics professionals?
Why has Mac OS X been popular among graphics professionals?
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Which of the following statements about operating systems is true?
Which of the following statements about operating systems is true?
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What is one of the primary functions of the operating system?
What is one of the primary functions of the operating system?
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Which of the following best describes utility software?
Which of the following best describes utility software?
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How does the BIOS determine whether to load an operating system?
How does the BIOS determine whether to load an operating system?
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Study Notes
Fundamental of Computer Systems - Operating System Basics
- Operating systems are software that run computers and manage basic tasks
- Key tasks include running applications, managing files, and fixing errors
- System software includes BIOS, operating system, and utility software
Lecture Overview
- Understand different types of operating systems
- Differentiate among major desktop operating systems
- Learn computer file storage concepts
System Software
- System software starts and runs the computer
- Performs basic tasks like running applications, managing files and correcting errors
- Includes BIOS, Operating System, and Utility software
BIOS
- BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is a built-in computer software on the motherboard
- BIOS starts the computer after power-on.
- BIOS performs a power-on self-test (POST) at startup to check hardware components
- Hardware components include the CPU, RAM, Motherboard, drives
- BIOS checks if the hardware works properly
- BIOS loads the operating system if hardware passes the tests
- BIOS transfers control to the operating system for boot process completion
The Operating System
- BIOS starts the computer at a basic level, the OS handles the bulk of work
- OS keeps the computer running and supports user tasks.
- OS functionality includes providing user interface
- OS communicates with the hardware
- OS runs applications and manages files
The Operating System (continued - GUI and CLI)
- An OS can have a GUI (Graphical User Interface) or CLI (Command Line Interface)
- GUI is common in most modern devices (desktops, laptops, tablets, smartphones)
- GUI allows users to interact through graphics (screen, mouse, keyboard, touch screen)
- CLI (Command Line Interface) is used in server operating systems
- CLI uses keyboards to type commands at a command prompt
Comparing Major Operating Systems
- Mac OS X: Designed for Apple devices; now running on Intel platforms
- Popularity with graphic professionals due to layout features
- Windows OS: Uses a graphical interface like Mac OS X, easy to use
- Runs on Intel hardware
- Linux: Open-source, cross-platform operating systems running on desktops, notebooks, tablets, and smartphones
Command Line Interface
- Linux, at its core, is a command-line operating system; similar to UNIX
- Most Linux distributions come with multiple shells for user interaction with the OS
- Command Line Interface - is a text-based interface. It's an alternative to a graphical user interface (GUI).
- cmd.exe: Microsoft command-line interpreter, issues commands that the OS executes
Creating a Directory Structure
- A computer's hard drive is organized into folders (directories)
- Folders can contain folders (creating a hierarchical structure)
Manipulating the Directory Structure
- DIR: lists all files/folders for the current directory specified
- MD: create a new directory
- RD: remove an existing directory
- CD: change the current directory
Copying and Moving Files
- COPY: copies files from one location to another
- MOVE: moves files from one location to another
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Description
This quiz covers the foundational concepts of operating systems, including their key functions and types. Participants will learn about system software, the role of BIOS, and the management of application tasks and file storage. Test your knowledge on these essential computer concepts!
