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Questions and Answers
What is the primary goal of dentin-pulp protection during cavity preparation?
What is the primary goal of dentin-pulp protection during cavity preparation?
How should cavity depth be determined during preparation?
How should cavity depth be determined during preparation?
What is an effective method to prevent bacterial irritation during cavity preparation?
What is an effective method to prevent bacterial irritation during cavity preparation?
Which practice should be avoided to minimize thermal irritation?
Which practice should be avoided to minimize thermal irritation?
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What should be done to prevent the recurrence of caries in a prepared cavity?
What should be done to prevent the recurrence of caries in a prepared cavity?
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How can gingival tissues be protected during cavity preparation?
How can gingival tissues be protected during cavity preparation?
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Which of the following is NOT a concern under biological principles during cavity preparation?
Which of the following is NOT a concern under biological principles during cavity preparation?
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What type of dental instruments should be used to avoid bacterial irritation?
What type of dental instruments should be used to avoid bacterial irritation?
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What is the recommended shape of the pulpal floor in cavity preparation?
What is the recommended shape of the pulpal floor in cavity preparation?
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Which of the following best describes the ideal line angles in cavity preparation?
Which of the following best describes the ideal line angles in cavity preparation?
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What incline should the cavosurface angle (CSA) have for amalgam and composite restorations?
What incline should the cavosurface angle (CSA) have for amalgam and composite restorations?
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What is the impact of undercuts in cavity preparation?
What is the impact of undercuts in cavity preparation?
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Which characteristic defines ductile materials in restorative dentistry?
Which characteristic defines ductile materials in restorative dentistry?
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What does retention form refer to in restorative dentistry?
What does retention form refer to in restorative dentistry?
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What is a primary characteristic of brittle materials in restorative dentistry?
What is a primary characteristic of brittle materials in restorative dentistry?
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Which type of retention prevents lateral displacement of a restoration?
Which type of retention prevents lateral displacement of a restoration?
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What is the primary purpose of using harmonious sweeping curves in the outline form of a cavity preparation?
What is the primary purpose of using harmonious sweeping curves in the outline form of a cavity preparation?
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In which situation should the outline form be extended beyond carious enamel?
In which situation should the outline form be extended beyond carious enamel?
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What is a key factor affecting the outline form in cavity preparations for older patients?
What is a key factor affecting the outline form in cavity preparations for older patients?
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What defines a Simple Class I cavity in terms of bucco-lingual extension?
What defines a Simple Class I cavity in terms of bucco-lingual extension?
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Why should occlusal margins be placed in contact-free areas?
Why should occlusal margins be placed in contact-free areas?
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What should be done if caries extend beyond the level of the pulpal floor in a Compound Class I cavity?
What should be done if caries extend beyond the level of the pulpal floor in a Compound Class I cavity?
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Which of the following is a special factor that affects the outline form of cavity preparation?
Which of the following is a special factor that affects the outline form of cavity preparation?
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What is the characteristic shape of the outline form for a Class I Buccal or palatal pit cavity?
What is the characteristic shape of the outline form for a Class I Buccal or palatal pit cavity?
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What is the purpose of flaring the labial, lingual, and gingival walls in Class II cavities?
What is the purpose of flaring the labial, lingual, and gingival walls in Class II cavities?
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In which scenario would a simple Class II cavity be indicated?
In which scenario would a simple Class II cavity be indicated?
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Which of the following describes the isthmus portion of a Class II cavity?
Which of the following describes the isthmus portion of a Class II cavity?
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What does resistance form in cavity preparation refer to?
What does resistance form in cavity preparation refer to?
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How should the walls of a Class II cavity be oriented to promote resistance form?
How should the walls of a Class II cavity be oriented to promote resistance form?
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Which type of Class II cavity is prepared without a step?
Which type of Class II cavity is prepared without a step?
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Which form refers to the design intended to prevent the restoration from being displaced?
Which form refers to the design intended to prevent the restoration from being displaced?
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What is a common characteristic of the proximal portion of a Class II cavity?
What is a common characteristic of the proximal portion of a Class II cavity?
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What is the purpose of proximal axial grooves in cavity preparation?
What is the purpose of proximal axial grooves in cavity preparation?
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Which material is used for inter-radicular posts?
Which material is used for inter-radicular posts?
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What is the minimum number of dentin ledges that should be prepared in a case of rounded pulpal floor?
What is the minimum number of dentin ledges that should be prepared in a case of rounded pulpal floor?
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What is a characteristic of the box or modified box form in cavity preparation?
What is a characteristic of the box or modified box form in cavity preparation?
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What feature is not commonly associated with the convenience form in cavity preparation?
What feature is not commonly associated with the convenience form in cavity preparation?
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How far should pulpal depth extend beyond the DEJ during cavity preparation?
How far should pulpal depth extend beyond the DEJ during cavity preparation?
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What is the function of a reverse gingival bevel in cavity preparation?
What is the function of a reverse gingival bevel in cavity preparation?
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Which of the following is false regarding the use of pin holes with pins?
Which of the following is false regarding the use of pin holes with pins?
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What is the primary condition that should be preserved when addressing discolored dentin in anterior teeth?
What is the primary condition that should be preserved when addressing discolored dentin in anterior teeth?
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What is the recommended instrument type for removing soft carious dentin?
What is the recommended instrument type for removing soft carious dentin?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of beveling an enamel wall?
Which of the following is NOT a function of beveling an enamel wall?
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What is the optimal angulation requirement according to NOY's rules for keeping a strong enamel wall at margins?
What is the optimal angulation requirement according to NOY's rules for keeping a strong enamel wall at margins?
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What is the primary purpose of the finishing process of enamel walls?
What is the primary purpose of the finishing process of enamel walls?
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What should be done to the gingival cavity surface area (CSA) to prevent fracture during the condensing of restorative materials?
What should be done to the gingival cavity surface area (CSA) to prevent fracture during the condensing of restorative materials?
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When using rotary instruments for finishing, which of the following is commonly employed?
When using rotary instruments for finishing, which of the following is commonly employed?
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What is the recommended direction for cutting when using excavators to remove caries?
What is the recommended direction for cutting when using excavators to remove caries?
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Study Notes
Fundamentals of Cavity Preparation
- Cavity preparation involves general and fundamental principles, focusing on the health and integrity of remaining tooth tissues.
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Biological Principles:
- Dentin-Pulp Protection: Prevent pulp irritation (traumatic, thermal, or chemical). Avoid unnecessary enamel removal, excessive dentin deepening, and excessive pressure when removing soft dentin.
- Gingival and Periodontal Protection: Avoid instrument slippage and injury, avoid irritating chemicals, and protect adjacent teeth during cavity preparation using proper techniques.
- Caries Recurrence Prevention: Remove all carious enamel and dentin, carefully extend cavity margins to include susceptible areas (pits and fissures), remove all undermined enamel and ensure the cavity preparation's compatibility with the restorative material (R.M.).
- Mechanical Principles: Steps in cavity preparation are designed to maintain the structural integrity of the tooth and restoration by reducing tensile stresses.
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Esthetic Principles:
- Margins should be free of opaque, discolored and pitted enamel.
- Conserve as much tooth structure as possible.
- Steps of Cavity Preparation (According to G.V. Black): Outline form, resistance and retention forms, convenience form, removal of remaining carious dentin, finishing of enamel walls and margins, and performing the toilet of the cavity
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Outline Form: The external shape of the completed cavity.
- Carious enamel should be included in the outline.
- Marginal enamel rods need support by sound dentin.
- Removal of undermined enamel.
- Cavities: Closely approached cavities should form a single unit to avoid leaving weak tooth structure and stress concentrations.
- Oral Hygiene: Oral hygiene directly impacts cavity extension limitations. Older patients have increased likelihood of tooth attrition, therefore reduction.
- Severely Weakened Cusps: Require reduction to ensure the CSA can adapt to restorative material.
Types of Cavities and Outline Forms
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Simple Class I Cavity:
- Buccal-lingual extension: 1/3-1/4 intercuspal distance.
- Mesio-distally: just beyond triangular fossa.
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Compound Class I Cavity:
- Buccal or lingual extensions prepared with or without a step.
- Class I Buccal or Palatal Pit Cavity: Limited to the pit itself, without connection to the occlusal cavity. The outline is triangular.
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Class II Cavities:
- Occlusal, Isthmus, and Proximal portions.
Cavity Preparation Methods
- Box or Modified Box (Mortise Form): Parallel or perpendicular walls and flat floors.
- Convenience Form: Features include accentuation of point and line angles; extending the cavity outline; using smaller instruments; methods such as separators and rubber dams, and access to proximal caries.
- Removing Remaining Carious Dentin: Removing decayed and decalcified dentin. Routine depth is 0.5-1 mm beyond the DEJ. Proximal cavities may require more.
- Finishing Enamel Walls: Correct angulation and removal of undermined enamel, producing smooth walls, and rounding line angles to ensure proper restoration adaptation.
- Beveling: Increasing the CSA angulation beyond 90° to increase surface area for bonding in resin composites.
- Toilet of the Cavity: Cleaning up all debris (cut chips, blood, saliva, bacteria) and preparing the cavity for the restorative material.
Principles and Factors for Retention and Resistance
- Resistance Form: The form of the cavity to withstand mastication forces without fracturing the tooth or restoration.
- Retention Form: The form of cavity for preventing the restoration's displacement.
- Types of retention: Chemical, mechanical (micro-mechanical and macro-mechanical).
- Types of Macro mechanical retention: Axially, laterally.
Additional Considerations
- Physical Properties of Restorative Materials: Ductile materials (strong, withstand stress, thin margins) vs. Brittle materials (sensitive to tensile stress, need bulk, avoid high stress areas).
- Conservation: Maximizing remaining sound tooth structure.
- Pulpal Floor: Should be flat and smooth to avoid stress concentration.
- Line Angles: Rounded to avoid stress concentration.
- Amount of Retention: Proper amount for cavity wall stability.
- Cavosurface Angle (CSA): Correct angle for restoration; adjusted according to material type.
- Reverse Curve: Formed on buccal wall of proximal box to avoid restoration fracture.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential principles of cavity preparation, focusing on biological and mechanical aspects to ensure tooth health and structural integrity. It includes topics such as dentin-pulp protection and methods to prevent caries recurrence. Test your knowledge on the fundamental techniques critical to effective cavity management.
