Fundamental Rights and Constitution

Constitution Value

Fundamental Rights

• Basic human rights guaranteed to all citizens.
• Protects individuals from unfair treatment and ensures freedom.
• Includes rights like:
  • Right to equality (Articles 14-18)
  • Right to freedom (Articles 19-22)
  • Right against exploitation (Articles 23-24)
  • Right to freedom of religion (Articles 25-28)
  • Cultural and educational rights (Articles 29-30)
  • Right to constitutional remedies (Article 32)

Constitutional Supremacy

• Constitution is the supreme law of the land.
• All laws and actions must conform to the Constitution.
• Any law inconsistent with the Constitution is void.
• Ensures a framework for governance and protection of rights.

Directive Principles

• Guidelines for the state to promote social and economic welfare.
• Found in Part IV of the Constitution.
• Not justiciable; cannot be enforced in courts.
• Aims to create a just society by:
  • Securing economic and social justice.
  • Ensuring fair distribution of wealth.
  • Promoting educational and cultural interests.

Separation of Powers

• Division of government responsibilities into distinct branches.
• Typically includes:
  • Legislature: Makes laws (Parliament).
  • Executive: Implements laws (President and Council of Ministers).
  • Judiciary: Interprets laws and administers justice (Supreme Court and lower courts).
• Prevents concentration of power and promotes checks and balances.

Judicial Review

• The power of courts to assess the constitutionality of legislative and executive actions.
• Ensures that no law or action violates constitutional provisions.
• Protects Fundamental Rights by allowing individuals to challenge the validity of laws.
• Strengthens the rule of law and maintains the supremacy of the Constitution.

Fundamental Rights

• Guaranteed to all citizens, protecting them from unfair treatment.
• Include the right to equality, freedom, freedom of religion, and cultural and educational rights.
• Article 32 guarantees the right to constitutional remedies to enforce these rights.

Constitutional Supremacy

• The Constitution is the highest law of the land.
• All laws and actions must conform to the Constitution, ensuring a framework for governance and protection of rights.
• Any law inconsistent with the Constitution is void.

Directive Principles

• Guidelines for the state to promote social and economic welfare.
• Found in Part IV of the Constitution.
• Not justiciable, meaning they cannot be enforced in courts.
• Aim to create a just society by securing economic and social justice, ensuring fair distribution of wealth, and promoting educational and cultural interests.

Separation of Powers

• Divides government responsibilities into distinct branches: legislature, executive, and judiciary.
• Prevents concentration of power and promotes checks and balances.
• Legislature makes laws (Parliament), the executive implements laws (President and Council of Ministers), and the judiciary interprets laws and administers justice (Supreme Court and lower courts).

Judicial Review

• The power of courts to assess the constitutionality of legislative and executive actions.
• It ensures that no law or action violates constitutional provisions.
• Protects Fundamental Rights by allowing individuals to challenge the validity of laws.
• Strengthens the rule of law and maintains the supremacy of the Constitution.

Explore the key values of the Constitution, focusing on Fundamental Rights, the concept of Constitutional Supremacy, and Directive Principles. This quiz will test your understanding of the rights guaranteed to citizens and the framework that governs these rights.