Fundamental Physical Quantities Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a unit used to measure a physical quantity?

  • Second
  • Ampere
  • Volt (correct)
  • Kilogram

The length of a race can only be measured in kilometers.

False (B)

What is the unit used to measure electric current?

Ampere

The standard unit of mass is the ______.

<p>kilogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following physical quantities with their respective units:

<p>Temperature = Kelvin Time = Second Luminous Intensity = Candela Electric Current = Ampere</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a physical quantity?

<p>Color (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Speed is a measure of the distance traveled over time.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What instrument would you use to measure mass?

<p>Balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

The measure of how long something lasts is called ______.

<p>time</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following physical quantities with their corresponding descriptions:

<p>Mass = Amount of matter in an object Time = Duration of an event Length = Measurement of distance Force = Push or pull on an object</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the four fundamental physical quantities?

<p>Energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All physical quantities can be expressed using any units without restrictions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

List the four fundamental physical quantities.

<p>Length, mass, time, electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

The four fundamental physical quantities are length, mass, time, and __________.

<p>electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the fundamental physical quantities to their descriptions:

<p>Length = A measure of distance Mass = A measure of the amount of matter Time = A measure of duration Electric current = A measure of the flow of electric charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do numerical values help us understand about nature?

<p>It allows for a deeper understanding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qualitative descriptions are superior to numerical descriptions in understanding nature.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of giving numerical values for physical quantities?

<p>It allows for a deeper understanding of physical principles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Numerical values for physical quantities help us understand nature much more deeply than __________ descriptions.

<p>qualitative</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Quantities = Numerical measurements of physical properties Physical Principles = Fundamental laws governing nature Qualitative Descriptions = Non-numerical observations of nature Measurements = The act of quantifying physical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the unit of force?

<p>Newton (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The unit of density is kilograms per cubic meter.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the derived unit for pressure?

<p>Pascal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a system of units that is also known as the metric system?

<p>SI units (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The measurement of how much space an object occupies is called ______.

<p>volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following derived units with their physical quantity:

<p>Speed = Metre per second Acceleration = Metre per second squared Charge = Coulomb Volume = Cubic metre</p> Signup and view all the answers

The English system of units is also referred to as the metric system.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does SI stand for in the context of systems of units?

<p>International System of Units</p> Signup and view all the answers

The two major systems of units used in the world are __________ and __________.

<p>SI units, English units</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following unit systems with their descriptions:

<p>SI units = Metric system used internationally English units = Customary system primarily used in the USA Customary units = Another name for English units Imperial units = Similar to English units but used in the UK</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary advantage of the metric system in scientific calculations?

<p>It is categorized by factors of 10. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

SI units are not part of the metric system.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does SI stand for in the context of the metric system?

<p>International System of Units</p> Signup and view all the answers

The metric system is based on ______ of 10.

<p>factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the metric prefixes with their corresponding values:

<p>Kilo- = 1000 Deci- = 0.1 Centi- = 0.01 Milli- = 0.001</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a base quantity analogous to?

<p>A brick (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A derived quantity is like a brick.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between base quantities and derived quantities?

<p>Base quantities are the fundamental building blocks, while derived quantities are formed from combinations of base quantities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A derived quantity is like the ______ that is built up from a collection of base quantities.

<p>house</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following quantities with their descriptions:

<p>Base quantities = Basic building blocks of physical measures Derived quantities = Measurements formed from base quantities</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a fundamental physical quantity?

<p>Length (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Derived quantities are defined in terms of fundamental quantities.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main categories of physical quantities?

<p>Fundamental and derived.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mass is an example of a ________ physical quantity.

<p>fundamental</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following physical quantities with their categories:

<p>Temperature = Derived Distance = Fundamental Speed = Derived Time = Fundamental</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of the prefix 'kilo-'?

<p>1 000 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The prefix 'mega-' corresponds to the numerical value 1 000 000.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the symbol for the prefix that represents 1 000 000 000?

<p>G</p> Signup and view all the answers

The order of magnitude for the prefix 'milli-' is ______.

<p>10-3</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following prefixes with their meanings:

<p>deci- = 0.1 centi- = 0.01 hecto- = 100 micro- = 0.000001</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Fundamental Physical Quantities

All physical quantities can be expressed in terms of four fundamental quantities: length, mass, time, and electric current.

Units of Measurement

Standardized units for measurements that allow for clear and consistent communication of data.

Tools for Measurement

Instruments used by physicists to measure physical quantities - examples include meter sticks, balances, and stopwatches.

Systems of Units

Two major systems of units commonly used worldwide are the International System of Units (SI) and the English units.

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Base Quantities

Quantities that have their own specific SI units, forming the basic building blocks for all other units.

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Derived Units

Units derived from base quantities, creating new units for specific measurements.

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International System of Units (SI)

The International System of Units (SI) defines the standard units for all physical quantities.

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Meter (m)

The meter (m) is the SI unit for length, used to measure distances.

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Kilogram (kg)

The kilogram (kg) is the SI unit for mass, used to measure the quantity of matter in an object.

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Second (s)

The second (s) is the SI unit for time, used to measure the duration of events.

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Ampere (A)

The ampere (A) is the SI unit for electric current, used to measure the flow of electric charge.

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Candela (cd)

The candela (cd) is the SI unit for luminous intensity, used to measure the brightness of light sources.

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Kelvin (K)

The kelvin (K) is the SI unit for temperature, used to measure the degree of hotness or coldness.

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Mole (mol)

The mole (mol) is the SI unit for amount of substance, used to measure the number of particles in a substance.

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Derived Units

Units derived from base units, such as speed, acceleration, volume, force, pressure, density, and electric charge.

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Metric System Advantages

The metric system, based on SI units, uses factors of ten, simplifying calculations and making it user-friendly.

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Classification of Physical Quantities

Physical quantities are categorized as either base quantities or derived quantities.

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Metric Prefixes

Prefixes used with SI units to represent large or small quantities, simplifying writing.

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Giga-

giga- (G): 1 billion (10⁹)

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Mega-

mega- (M): 1 million (10⁶)

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Kilo-

kilo- (k): 1 thousand (10³)

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Hecto-

hecto- (h): 100 (10²)

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Deka-

deka- (da): 10 (10¹)

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Deci-

deci- (d): 0.1 (10⁻¹)

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Centi-

centi- (c): 0.01 (10⁻²)

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Milli-

milli- (m): 0.001 (10⁻³)

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Micro-

micro- (μ): 0.000001 (10⁻⁶)

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Importance of Metric System

The metric system facilitates measurements by rescaling familiar units, eliminating the need for new units for various applications.

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Study Notes

Fundamental Physical Quantities

  • All physical quantities can be expressed through four fundamental quantities: length, mass, time, and electric current.

Units of Measurement

  • Measurements are expressed in standardized units allowing clear and consistent communication of data.
  • Common units include kilogram (mass), second (time), ampere (electric current), kelvin (temperature), and candela (light intensity).

Tools for Measurement

  • Physicists utilize instruments like meter sticks, balances, and stopwatches to measure physical quantities.
  • Examples of physical quantities include mass, time, length, speed, and force.

Systems of Units

  • Two major systems of units exist worldwide:
    • SI units (International System of Units, metric system)
    • English units (customary or imperial system).

Base Units in SI

  • Base quantities have specific units:
    • Length: metre
    • Mass: kilogram
    • Time: second
    • Electric current: ampere
    • Light intensity: candela
    • Temperature: kelvin
    • Amount of substance: mole

Derived Units

  • Derived units are formed from base units and include:
    • Speed
    • Acceleration
    • Volume
    • Force
    • Pressure (measured in pascal)
    • Density (kg/m³)
    • Electric charge (coulomb)

Metric System Advantages

  • The metric system, based on SI units, uses factors of ten, simplifying scientific and engineering calculations.

Classification of Physical Quantities

  • Physical quantities are divided into two categories:
    • Base quantities (fundamental building blocks)
    • Derived quantities (combinations of base quantities)

Metric Prefixes

  • Common prefixes used with SI units assist in expressing large or small quantities:
    • giga- (G): 1 billion (10⁹)
    • mega- (M): 1 million (10⁶)
    • kilo- (k): 1 thousand (10³)
    • hecto- (h): 100 (10²)
    • deka- (da): 10 (10¹)
    • base unit: 1 (10⁰)
    • deci- (d): 0.1 (10⁻¹)
    • centi- (c): 0.01 (10⁻²)
    • milli- (m): 0.001 (10⁻³)
    • micro- (μ): 0.000001 (10⁻⁶)

Importance of Metric System

  • The metric system facilitates measurements by rescaling familiar units, eliminating the need for new units for various applications.

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Description

Test your understanding of the four fundamental physical quantities: length, mass, time, and electric current. This quiz will challenge your knowledge on how these quantities are used to express other physical measurements and their relationships. Perfect for students exploring the basics of physics.

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