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The smallest unit of data in a computer. It represents information in two states: 0 (OFF) and 1 (ON).

A group of 8 bits put together. It represents one character, like a letter or a number.

The number of bits a computer can process at one time.

The difference in voltage between the 0 and 1 states of a bit.

The duration of a bit, for example, how long the signal remains ON or OFF.

Data in its raw, unorganized form, before processing.

The processed and organized form of data, making it meaningful.

A unit of information that represents a single binary digit (0 or 1), often used for representing data in computers.

A group of 8 bits, used to represent characters, numbers, or other data in computers.

A unit of information equal to 1,024 bytes, used for measuring file sizes and memory capacities.

A unit of information equal to 1,024 kilobytes, often used for measuring file sizes of images, music, and videos.

A unit of information equal to 1,024 megabytes, often used to measure the capacity of hard drives and RAM.

A unit of information equal to 1,024 gigabytes, often used to measure the storage capacity of data centers or large servers.

The process of converting data from one unit of measurement to another, such as from kilobytes to megabytes or megabytes to gigabytes.

The speed at which data is transferred, often measured in bits per second (bps) or bytes per second (Bps).

Fundamental operations performed on bits in a computer, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and logical operations.

A number system that uses only two digits, 0 and 1. Each digit is called a bit.

A group of four bits. It can represent 16 different states.

A number system we use in everyday life. It uses ten digits, 0-9.

The value of a bit depends on its position within a binary number. The left-most bit is the most significant and the right-most bit is the least significant.

In binary subtraction, if the result requires a borrow, it indicates a negative result. The final answer is represented by the 1's complement of the result with a negative sign.

Adding binary numbers is similar to decimal addition, but instead of carrying over a 10, you carry over a 2. 1 + 0 = 1, 0 + 0 = 0, 1 + 1 = 0 and carry over a 1 to the next column.

Subtracting binary numbers is achieved by adding the 2's complement of the number to be subtracted to the other binary number. The 2's Complement is found by flipping all bits (0 to 1, 1 to 0) and then adding 1 to the last bit.

In binary subtraction, if the result doesn't require a borrow, it indicates a positive result.

Dividing binary numbers involves repeated subtraction, keeping track of remainders and updating the quotient.

To obtain the 2's complement of a binary number, you first invert all the bits (change 0s to 1s and 1s to 0s). Then, you add 1 to the last bit on the right.

The carry-over bit when adding two binary numbers. It's the additional bit generated when the sum of two bits in a column exceeds 1.

In binary division, if a borrow was needed in the subtraction step, the quotient bit is set to 1.

In binary division, if no borrow was needed in the subtraction step, the quotient bit is set to 0.

The extra bit that appears to the left of the most significant bit position after addition. It is significant to the result of the operation, but is usually discarded after the addition process.

In binary division, after subtracting the divisor, if a borrow was needed, the divisor is added to the result to restore the dividend and the next bit is brought down.

This step aligns all the binary digits for addition or subtraction to ensure the correct column position for each bit.

In binary division, if no borrow was needed, the next significant bit is brought down to the result of the subtraction.

Performing the addition of bits in each column separately, applying the carry rule when the sum is greater than 1, and carrying over the result to the next column.

Multiply binary numbers involves shifting and adding based on the bits of the second number.

In binary subtraction, the 2's complement is the addition to the first binary number. Any overflow bit resulting after the addition of the complement is ignored.

In binary multiplication, each bit of the second number is multiplied through the first number, creating partial products.

Discarding the most significant bit (leftmost bit) that extends beyond the original length of the binary numbers after addition. It's a consequence of the addition in 2's complement subtraction.

The partial products in binary multiplication are shifted to the right and then added together to get the final product.

The process of converting a binary number to its 2's complement equivalent. 2's complement is an essential aspect of binary subtraction and other operations.