Functions of the Digestive System part 1
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the primary function of digestive system

  • circulating blood
  • breaking food into nutrients (correct)
  • exchanging gases
  • protecting against pathogens

What is the role of the epiglottis?

  • A) Grinding food
  • B) Mixing food with saliva
  • C) Preventing food from entering the trachea (correct)
  • D) Absorbing nutrients

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down proteins in the stomach?

  • A) Amylase
  • Lipase
  • Pepsin (correct)
  • Lactase

Where does the majority of nutrient absorption occur?

<p>small inte (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

main function of bile

<p>emulsify fats (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which structure increases SA 4 absorption in small inte

<p>villi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during peristalsis?

<p>C) Muscles contract to move food through the digestive tract (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which section of the small intestine is primarily involved in absorbing vitamin B12 and bile salts?

<p>ileum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does physical digestion aid chemical digestion?

<p>A) By increasing the surface area of food particles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of pancreatic juice helps neutralize stomach acid?

<p>bicarbonate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the function of the large intestine.

<p>The large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes from indigestible food matter, compacts waste into feces, and expels it through the rectum and anus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how chronic kidney disease can affect urine production.

<p>Chronic kidney disease reduces the number of functioning nephrons, decreasing the kidney’s ability to filter blood and produce urine, leading to reduced urine output and potential accumulation of waste products in the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main causes of constipation?

<p>Main causes of constipation include low fiber diet, dehydration, lack of physical activity, and certain medications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the digestive enzyme responsible for breaking down carbohydrates in the mouth.

<p>amylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a bolus and chyme?

<p>A bolus is a chewed, moistened lump of food ready for swallowing, whereas chyme is the semi-liquid mixture of partially digested food and digestive juices produced in the stomach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of _______________ moves food through the digestive tract by wave-like muscular contractions.

<p>peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

_______________ is the enzyme that breaks down fats in the small intestine.

<p>lipase</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _______________ is the first section of the small intestine and receives chyme from the stomach.

<p>duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

Macrophages in the lymphatic system help by _______________ pathogens and presenting antigens to lymphocytes.

<p>phagocytizing</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ and __________ layers of the stomach wall enable it to churn and mix food effectively.

<p>muscular, mucosal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organs is not directly involved in the production or storage of bile?

<p>Pancreas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the semi-liquid mixture of partially digested food in the stomach called?

<p>chyme (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which cells in stomach secrete hydrochloric acid

<p>parietal cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which structure is primarily responsible for absorption of vitamin B12

<p>ileum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates the release of bile and pancreatic juice?

<p>C) Cholecystokinin (CCK) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

primary cause of kidney disease

<p>D) All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of the pancreas in digestion?

<p>B) Secretes digestive enzymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of constipation?

<p>D) Both B and C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

primary function duodenum

<p>neutralise stomach acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

<p>C) Creating an acidic environment for enzyme activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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