Functions of the Digestive System
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Functions of the Digestive System

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Questions and Answers

What is the part of the large intestine that is connected to the small intestine by the ileocecal sphincter?

  • Vermiform appendix
  • Colon
  • Ascending colon
  • Caecum (correct)
  • What is the name of the sphincter that connects the small intestine to the large intestine?

  • Ileocecal sphincter (correct)
  • Ileocecal valve
  • Caecum sphincter
  • Appendix sphincter
  • What is the part of the large intestine that consists of the ascending colon?

  • Caecum
  • Vermiform appendix
  • Small intestine
  • Colon (correct)
  • What is the small, worm-like structure located in the caecum?

    <p>Vermiform appendix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the part of the large intestine that is divided into several parts?

    <p>Colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the ileocecal sphincter?

    <p>To connect the small intestine to the large intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the vermiform appendix?

    <p>Its function is not well understood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the anatomical division of the large intestine?

    <p>Into the caecum and colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Function of Digestive System

    • Ingestion is the first process of taking food and liquid into the mouth.
    • The Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) and accessory organs secrete approximately 7 liters of water, acid, enzymes, and buffers into the lumen of GIT daily.

    Mixing and Propulsion

    • Involuntary contraction and relaxation of smooth muscles achieve mixing of food and secretion through peristalsis movement.

    Digestion

    • There are two types of digestion: mechanical digestion (occurs in GIT organs) and chemical digestion (occurs through enzymes and secretions).

    Absorption

    • Digested substances are absorbed and pass into the blood and lymph.

    Defecation

    • Undigested substances, wastes, sloughed cells, and bacteria are expelled through the anus.

    Gastric Juice Components

    • Hydrochloric acid is secreted from parietal cells, providing an acidic medium and killing bacteria.
    • Pepsin is secreted from chief cells for protein digestion.
    • Mucus is secreted from epithelial cells.

    Digestive Enzyme Secretion

    • Enzymes help digest carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
    • Absorption of water, electrolytes, metals, and nutrients occurs.

    Large Intestine

    Anatomy

    • The large intestine is divided into the following parts:
      • Caecum: connected to the small intestine by the ileocecal sphincter, with a small vermiform appendix.
      • Colon: consisting of:
        • Ascending colon.

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    Description

    Learn about the four main functions of the digestive system, including ingestion, secretion, mixing and propulsion, and digestion. Understand the processes involved in mechanical and chemical digestion.

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