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Questions and Answers
What are the four functions of bone?
What are the four functions of bone?
- Support and protect
- Blood cell formation
- Storage of inorganic salts
- All of the above (correct)
What do skeletal parts provide for body structures?
What do skeletal parts provide for body structures?
Shape and form
What do bones do for softer, underlying tissues?
What do bones do for softer, underlying tissues?
Support and protect
What do bones, muscles, and levers function together as?
What do bones, muscles, and levers function together as?
A lever consists of a _ , (fulcrum), weight that is moved, and a _ that supplies energy.
A lever consists of a _ , (fulcrum), weight that is moved, and a _ that supplies energy.
What process occurs at different ages in the yolk sac, liver, spleen, and red bone marrow?
What process occurs at different ages in the yolk sac, liver, spleen, and red bone marrow?
What is the function of red marrow?
What is the function of red marrow?
What does yellow marrow store?
What does yellow marrow store?
What is the soft mass of connective tissue found in medullary canal, spongy bone, and osteonic canals?
What is the soft mass of connective tissue found in medullary canal, spongy bone, and osteonic canals?
What are the two types of marrow?
What are the two types of marrow?
Which type of marrow dominates infants but is replaced with yellow marrow as one ages?
Which type of marrow dominates infants but is replaced with yellow marrow as one ages?
Which type of marrow is inactive in blood cell formation?
Which type of marrow is inactive in blood cell formation?
Red marrow is primarily found in the spongy bone of which five locations?
Red marrow is primarily found in the spongy bone of which five locations?
What contains large quantities of phosphate in its intercellular material?
What contains large quantities of phosphate in its intercellular material?
The skeleton divides into which two portions?
The skeleton divides into which two portions?
The axial skeleton consists of which four parts?
The axial skeleton consists of which four parts?
What does the axial skeleton support and protect?
What does the axial skeleton support and protect?
The appendicular skeleton consists of which four parts?
The appendicular skeleton consists of which four parts?
How many bones are in the human body?
How many bones are in the human body?
What percentage of the body's mass does the skeleton constitute?
What percentage of the body's mass does the skeleton constitute?
How many bones are in the axial skeleton?
How many bones are in the axial skeleton?
How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?
How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?
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Study Notes
Functions of Bones
- Four primary functions of bones: support and protection, body movement, blood cell formation (hematopoiesis), and storage of inorganic salts.
Skeletal Structure
- The skeletal system provides shape and form to the body and supports softer tissues.
Bone Support
- Bones support and protect softer underlying tissues, maintaining structural integrity.
Bone and Muscle Interaction
- Bones, muscles, and levers interact to facilitate movement.
Levers and Mechanics
- Lever systems consist of a rod (bone), fulcrum (pivot), weight (load), and force (muscle).
Blood Cell Formation
- Hematopoiesis occurs at various ages in the yolk sac, liver, spleen, and red bone marrow.
Red Bone Marrow
- Red marrow is essential for producing red blood cells, white blood cells, and blood platelets.
Yellow Bone Marrow
- Yellow marrow serves as a fat storage area within bones.
Bone Marrow Composition
- Marrow is a soft mass of connective tissue situated in the medullary canal and spongy bone spaces.
Types of Bone Marrow
- There are two types of bone marrow: red marrow (active) and yellow marrow (inactive in blood cell formation).
Marrow Transition with Age
- Infants predominantly have red marrow, but as they age, it gets replaced by yellow marrow.
Location of Red Marrow
- Red marrow is mainly found in the spongy bone of: ribs, sternum, vertebrae, pelvis, and epiphyses of femur and humerus.
Bone Tissue Composition
- The intercellular material of bone tissue contains significant quantities of calcium and phosphate.
Skeleton Division
- The skeleton is divided into two main portions: axial and appendicular.
Axial Skeleton Components
- The axial skeleton includes the skull, hyoid bone, vertebral column, and thoracic cage.
Axial Skeleton Functions
- The axial skeleton supports the head and neck, and protects the brain, spinal cord, and thoracic organs.
Appendicular Skeleton Components
- The appendicular skeleton comprises the pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, and lower limbs.
Total Number of Bones
- The human body typically contains 206 bones.
Skeleton Mass Percentage
- The skeleton represents about 20% of the body’s total mass.
Bone Count by Skeleton Division
- The axial skeleton contains 80 bones, while the appendicular skeleton consists of 126 bones.
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