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Questions and Answers
What is the key distinction between a void function and a value-returning function in C++?
What is the key distinction between a void function and a value-returning function in C++?
- A value-returning function can only return primitive types, while void functions can handle user-defined types.
- Void functions can be used in any context, whereas value-returning functions must always be part of an assignment expression.
- A void function can modify global variables, while a value-returning function cannot.
- A value-returning function must include a `return` statement to send back a value, while a void function does not. (correct)
What is the primary purpose of default arguments in a C++ function?
What is the primary purpose of default arguments in a C++ function?
- To ensure that all function parameters are always initialized.
- To specify the data type of the return value.
- To allow the function to accept a variable number of arguments.
- To provide a default value for a parameter if it is not supplied in the function call. (correct)
How does 'pass-by-reference' differ from 'pass-by-value' in terms of how changes to parameters affect variables in the calling function?
How does 'pass-by-reference' differ from 'pass-by-value' in terms of how changes to parameters affect variables in the calling function?
- Pass-by-reference only works with primitive types, and does not allow modifications, whereas pass-by-value works with any type, and allows changes to be seen by the caller.
- Pass-by-value allows multiple modifications, while pass-by-reference only allows modifications in the called function, so changes to parameters will not affect the variables in the calling function.
- Pass-by-value creates a new copy, modifications do not affect the original, whereas pass-by-reference directly uses the original, so modifications do affect the original. (correct)
- Pass-by-reference is significantly faster than pass-by-value but only if the variable is very large, and always allows modifications to affect the original, whereas in pass-by-value, modifications will never affect the original.
What happens when a function encounters a return statement?
What happens when a function encounters a return statement?
Why is dividing a program into multiple functions beneficial for program design?
Why is dividing a program into multiple functions beneficial for program design?
Given a function isEven that returns true if a number is even and false otherwise. Which is the correct implementation?
Given a function isEven that returns true if a number is even and false otherwise. Which is the correct implementation?
A calculateAreaPerimeter function takes the length and breadth of a rectangle by reference to compute the area and perimeter, how will the original variables passed into the function behave?
A calculateAreaPerimeter function takes the length and breadth of a rectangle by reference to compute the area and perimeter, how will the original variables passed into the function behave?
A function greetUser takes a name as a string and optionally a greeting string, and prints the greeting followed by the name. How would you call the function with a default greeting 'Hello'?
A function greetUser takes a name as a string and optionally a greeting string, and prints the greeting followed by the name. How would you call the function with a default greeting 'Hello'?
Flashcards
What is a void function?
What is a void function?
A function that does not return a value. It performs a specific task and might modify data within the program.
What is a value-returning function?
What is a value-returning function?
A function that calculates and returns a value of a specific data type. It provides output based on the input given.
What are default arguments in functions?
What are default arguments in functions?
Default arguments provide a preset value for a function's parameter. This value is used when a caller doesn't specify an argument for that particular parameter.
How does pass-by-value work?
How does pass-by-value work?
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How does pass-by-reference work?
How does pass-by-reference work?
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What is the purpose of a return statement?
What is the purpose of a return statement?
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Why are functions important for software development?
Why are functions important for software development?
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How can functions promote code reusability?
How can functions promote code reusability?
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Study Notes
Functions in C++
- C++ functions are reusable blocks of code that perform specific tasks.
- Functions enhance code organization, reusability, and maintainability.
Theoretical Questions
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Question 1: Void functions don't return a value, while value-returning functions return a specific data type.
- Void functions are useful for tasks like printing output or performing operations without needing to return a result.
- Value-returning functions are used when you want to calculate a value and use it in other parts of the program.
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Question 2: Default arguments provide preset values for function parameters.
- Defining a default argument allows users to call the function with fewer arguments by using the default value for the parameter.
- Default arguments improve code flexibility.
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Question 3: Pass-by-value creates a copy of the argument, while pass-by-reference passes the memory address.
- Pass-by-value doesn't modify the original variable, but pass-by-reference modifies the original variable.
- Use pass-by-reference for efficiency when you need to modify the original variable inside the function.
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Question 4: The return statement's role is to send a value back to the calling function.
- A function can have multiple statements, but it only returns a value when it encounters a return statement.
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Question 5: Dividing a program into functions improves code readability and maintainability.
- Well-structured functions represent distinct units of work that make programs easier to understand.
- Functions promote code reusability.
Programming Practice Questions 1 & 2
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Question 1: The
isEvenfunction checks if an integer is even or odd and returns true/false. -
Question 2: The
calculateAreaPerimeterfunction calculates the area and perimeter of a rectangle.
Programming Practice Questions 3 & 4
- Question 1: The
greetUserfunction greets the user with a personalized greeting. - Question 2: The
sumOfDigitsfunction recursively sums the digits of an integer input.
Programming Practice Question 5
- Programs for calculating the GCD (Greatest Common Divisor) of two numbers.
- Separate functions for input, calculation, and output.
Syntax Error Questions
- Question 1: Missing the output stream insertion operator
<<to print message. Missing semicolon. - Question 2: Missing semicolon after the line returning the sum.
- Question 3: The missing parameter
yin themultiply(int x, y)function. (multiply(int x, int y)). Missing return type for main function (void). Return statement must be int for function that return int value. - Question 4: The
displayMessagefunction was not correctly called inmainfunction , missing semicolons or other errors in the code. - Question 5: Missing
returnstatement, or data type for the variable. (In this case theavgvariable should be declared as float and the rest is correctly specified.)
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Description
Test your knowledge on functions in C++. This quiz covers important concepts like void and value-returning functions, default arguments, and the differences between pass-by-value and pass-by-reference. Enhance your understanding of C++ function usage and best practices.
