Functions and Unique Features of Cartilage

HallowedLyre avatar
HallowedLyre
·
·
Download

Start Quiz

Study Flashcards

73 Questions

What is the main function of cartilage in the trachea?

Flexible support for soft tissues

Which type of cartilage is found in the growth plates of bones?

Hyaline

What percentage of water makes up the matrix of cartilage?

70%

What component is most abundant in the matrix of cartilage?

Collagen

Which type of cartilage is described as a mixture of cartilage and dense regular connective tissue?

Fibrocartilage

What is the function of cartilage in joint surfaces?

Sliding

What is the role of chondrocytes in cartilage?

Synthesis and maintenance

Which component is absent in the matrix of cartilage?

Nerve cells

In which structure would you find elastic cartilage?

Epiglottis

What is the primary function of perichondrium in cartilage?

Vascular supply

What is a key feature that makes cartilage firm yet resilient?

High collagen content

What type of tissue makes up the inner chondrogenic layer of perichondrium?

Chondrogenic cells

Which type of collagen is most abundant in the glassy/slippery matrix of Hyaline Cartilage?

Type II

What type of cartilage is found essentially all over the ribcage in a 9-week fetus?

Hyaline Cartilage

What type of matrix does Elastic Cartilage predominantly contain?

Elastin

Where are sulfated Glycosaminoglycans (GAG’s) mainly found in the cartilage matrix?

Territorial Matrix

What provides the resilience and lubricating abilities in the cartilage matrix?

Proteoglycans

In which type of cartilage are collagen type I fibers arranged parallel to the line of pull/stress?

Fibrocartilage

What type of GAG's have anionic groups rendering them intensely hydrophilic?

Sulfated GAG's

What is the primary function of proteoglycans in the cartilage matrix?

Aid in lubrication and resilience

What characterizes the location and arrangement of chondrocytes in hyaline cartilage?

Chondrocytes are arranged in isogenous groups.

What type of fibers are most prominent in fibrocartilage, providing it with tensile strength?

Type I Collagen fibers

What is the primary difference between elastic cartilage and articular cartilage?

Presence of high elastin content in elastic cartilage

What is a key characteristic that distinguishes hyaline cartilage from fibrocartilage?

Higher regenerative potential in hyaline cartilage

What is the primary difference between osteoarthritis and classic inflammatory conditions?

Inflammatory mediators are not involved in osteoarthritis.

Which of the following is NOT listed as a risk factor for osteoarthritis?

Osteophytes

What is one of the key pathologic features observed in early osteoarthritis?

Fissuring and clefting of the surface of cartilage

What is the primary difference between primary and secondary osteoarthritis?

Primary osteoarthritis is idiopathic while secondary osteoarthritis is related to age.

Which of the following is listed as a risk factor for the development of osteoarthritis?

Age

What type of changes are observed in the extracellular matrix (ECM) in osteoarthritis?

Proteoglycan degradation exceeds production

Which of the following is NOT a pathway involved in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis?

Endothelial growth factor signaling

Which phase of osteoarthritis involves genetic and environmental factors leading to chondrocyte injury?

Early changes of OA

What are some of the primary risk factors associated with developing osteoarthritis?

Overweight and Obesity, Sedentary Lifestyle, Genetics

What are some common symptoms of patients with osteoarthritis?

Joint stiffness, Pain that worsens with activity, Morning stiffness lasting less than 30 minutes

What is one of the main structural tissues affected by osteoarthritis?

Articular cartilage

What are some common treatments for patients with osteoarthritis?

Physical therapy, Weight loss, Pain medications

What is the primary function of cartilage in the intervertebral disk?

Shock absorption

Which component is most abundant in the matrix of hyaline cartilage?

Collagen

What distinguishes elastic cartilage as the rarest among the three types of cartilage?

Specific location in the body

What is the primary function of the perichondrium in cartilage?

Growth regulation

In which type of cartilage would you find a mixture of cartilage and dense regular connective tissue?

Fibrocartilage

What characterizes the matrix of elastic cartilage that contributes to its unique properties?

Presence of elastin fibers

Which factor primarily accounts for the resilience and lubricating abilities of the cartilage matrix?

Proteoglycan content

What distinguishes fibrocartilage from elastic and hyaline cartilage?

'Parallel' collagen fibers

What key component is mainly responsible for establishing the unique properties of cartilage?

% Collagen in matrix

What is a significant characteristic of chondrocytes in cartilage?

Grouping into Isogenous nests

What primarily distinguishes hyaline cartilage from fibrocartilage?

Growth plate location

What plays a crucial role in cartilage's reliance on diffusion for nutrient supply?

Avascular nature

Which type of cartilage exhibits a 'highly plastic' nature, being firm yet resilient?

Hyaline cartilage

Which type of cartilage is most widespread in the body?

Hyaline cartilage

What characterizes the matrix of Elastic Cartilage?

Contains elastin fibers

Which component is primarily responsible for the resilience and lubricating abilities in the cartilage matrix?

Proteoglycans

Where are sulfated Glycosaminoglycans (GAG’s) mainly located within the cartilage matrix?

Interterritorial matrix

What distinguishes fibrocartilage from other types of cartilage?

Matrix predominantly contains type II collagen

What is the primary function of the perichondrium in relation to the cartilage?

Maintain the integrity of the cartilage

Which unique feature characterizes elastic cartilage found in specific body structures like the ear?

'Bendable but firm' nature

'Territorial Basophilic' staining in the interterritorial matrix of articular cartilage is primarily due to what component?

Sulfated GAG’s on Proteoglycans

Which type of GAG's have anionic groups that make them intensely hydrophilic?

Chondroitin sulfate

Where would you find isogenous groups within cartilage tissue?

Lacuna

What tissue serves as a provisional skeleton during embryonic/fetal development?

Hyaline Cartilage

What is the primary characteristic that makes Hyaline Cartilage different from Elastic Cartilage?

High regenerative potential

What is the primary difference between primary and secondary osteoarthritis?

Primary is age-related, while secondary is due to a previous joint injury.

Which of the following risk factors is NOT associated with the development of osteoarthritis?

Autoimmune disorders

What is the role of proinflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis?

Induce degradation of joint tissues

Which phase of osteoarthritis involves the loss of chondrocytes and cartilage, along with subchondral changes?

Late changes phase

What characterizes the early pathologic features of osteoarthritis?

Fissuring and clefting of cartilage surface

In osteoarthritis, what contributes to the disordered repair of cartilage?

Degeneration of cartilage

What is one of the key roles of proteases in the pathology of osteoarthritis?

Degrading joint tissues

What leads to composition changes in proteoglycans in osteoarthritis?

Decreased production compared to degradation

Which growth factors are involved in other pathways contributing to osteoarthritis?

FGF and Wnt signaling

What is one of the primary structural tissues affected by osteoarthritis?

Articular cartilage

Which phase involves chondrocytes proliferating and releasing inflammatory mediators in osteoarthritis?

Early changes phase

What is one of the primary risk factors for developing osteoarthritis?

Elevated BMI

Explore the functions and unique features of cartilage, such as sliding in moveable joints, shock absorption, growth of bones, and flexible support for soft tissues. Learn about the specialized form of connective tissue, matrix composition, plasticity, and avascularity of cartilage.

Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards

Convert your notes into interactive study material.

Get started for free
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser