Functions and Characteristics of Blood: CVS

Blood consists of a liquid matrix called _ containing cells and cell fragments.

The total blood volume in the average adult male is approximately _ liters.

Plasma makes up about _% of the total blood volume.

Erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes are components of _.

Albumin constitutes approximately _% of plasma proteins.

Fibrinogen is a clotting factor that constitutes approximately _% of plasma proteins.

Plasma consists of fibrinogen, albumin, and globulin, while serum consists of only _ and _.

The process of blood cell production is called _.

_ is the liquid portion of the unclotted blood and consists of fibrinogen, albumin, and globulin.

_ is the liquid portion of the clotted blood and consists of albumin and globulin but lacks fibrinogen.

Erythrocytes are primarily produced in white bone marrow after birth.

Red blood cells (RBCs) have a biconcave shape to decrease the cell's surface area.

Erythrocytes are able to divide during their development.

Hemoglobin transports 98.5% of carbon dioxide in the body.

Carbon monoxide binds to iron in hemoglobin about 210 times less readily than does oxygen.

One possible consequence of prolonged exposure to carbon monoxide is increased blood O2 levels.

Erythropoietin (EPO) stimulates red bone marrow to decrease production of erythrocytes.

Causes of low blood oxygen may include increased tissue demand for oxygen during endurance exercise.

Old, abnormal, or damaged RBCs are removed from the blood by leukocytes located in the spleen and liver.

Globin is broken down into amino acids as part of the breakdown of hemoglobin during the removal of old RBCs from the blood.