Functional Roles of Cannabinoid Receptors Quiz

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Which neuroadaptive state occurs in response to long-term occupation of opioid receptors?

Sensitization

Dependence (correct)

Tolerance

Hyperactivity

What is a common symptom of opioid withdrawal related to pain and irritability?

Restlessness and insomnia (correct)

Tranquilization

Relaxation and sleep

Euphoria

Which effect is NOT associated with acute opioid use?

Pupil constriction

Increased blood pressure (correct)

Pupil dilation

Diarrhea

What is the primary effect of opioids on adenylyl cyclase and cAMP production?

Inhibit production Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is mentioned as the most potent in the text regarding hallucinogens?

LSD Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of taking hallucinogenic drugs orally?

Delayed onset of action by 30-90 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for cannabinoid-induced memory impairment?

Hippocampal CB1 receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is a full agonist at both CB1 and CB2 receptors?

2-AG Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of endocannabinoids on anxiety responses?

They are important mediators of anxiety responses Signup and view all the answers

Which cannabinoid acts as a negative allosteric modulator of CB1 receptors?

CBD Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of THC on regional brain activation based on brain imaging?

Promotes regional brain activation and enhanced local blood flow Signup and view all the answers

Which cognitive functions can be affected by marijuana use according to the text?

Learning, memory, attention, and decision making Signup and view all the answers

What cognitive process is impaired both acutely and chronically by cannabinoid exposure?

Verbal learning and memory Signup and view all the answers

Which cognitive process shows possibly persistent effects according to the text?

Verbal learning and memory Signup and view all the answers

In chronic cannabinoid exposure, what cognitive process may be impaired depending on the frequency of use and age of onset?

Attention Signup and view all the answers

Which cognitive process is likely to show persistent effects on attention and psychomotor function with abstinence?

Psychomotor function Signup and view all the answers

What effect of cannabinoid exposure is task- and dose-dependent according to the text?

Impaired attention Signup and view all the answers

Which cognitive process shows possibly impaired executive function as a chronic effect of cannabinoid exposure?

Impaired inhibitory control Signup and view all the answers

What potentially dangerous cardiovascular effects can be seen when α1 blockade is coupled with NE reuptake-blocking?

Tachycardia and arrhythmias Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect is specifically associated with Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)?

Nausea and headache Signup and view all the answers

What life-threatening condition can occur when SSRIs are combined with other serotonergic agonists or drugs?

Serotonin syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of Dual NE/5-HT modulators (SNRIs) over SSRIs according to the text?

Enhancing both NE and 5-HT function Signup and view all the answers

How does Mirtazapine reduce side effects according to the text?

It blocks only selected 5-HT receptors Signup and view all the answers

What effect does blocking α2-autoreceptors have on serotonergic cells?

Increases 5-HT release Signup and view all the answers

What is the best predictor of a good therapeutic response to psychedelic drugs?

Intensity of the psychedelic experience Signup and view all the answers

How do PCP and ketamine act as antagonists at the NMDA receptor?

They bind to a site within the receptor's channel Signup and view all the answers

What effect does the NMDA receptor blockade by PCP and ketamine have on cortical GABAergic interneurons?

Increases cortical glutamate release Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom induced by high doses of PCP and ketamine, resembling schizophrenia?

Disordered thought and motor disturbances Signup and view all the answers

What is hypothesized as a key factor in the glutamate hypothesis of schizophrenia?

Underactivity of the glutamatergic system Signup and view all the answers

What effect did researchers find in human volunteers without prior exposure to ketamine?

Dose-independent increase in drug liking Signup and view all the answers