30 Questions
Which brain pathway is involved in providing enjoyment, pleasure, and arousal in response to discrete stimuli?
Mesolimbic pathway
According to older theories of addiction, what is the main driving force for substance use?
A recurrent drive for pleasure
Which of the following is NOT a major drug class with abuse potential?
Antipsychotics
Which brain structures are involved in processing motivational salience and positive-valence emotions like pleasure?
Mesolimbic pathway
What major component of cannabis is responsible for its psychoactivity?
THC
In the context of addiction theories, what aspect distinguishes newer theories from older ones?
Complex contributing factors
What is the main purpose of neurotransmission?
Transmitting information between neurons
Which neuron is responsible for releasing neurotransmitters?
Presynaptic Neuron
What initiates neurotransmitter release from the presynaptic neuron?
Action potential
In neurotransmission, what is the function of the postsynaptic neuron?
Initiate a response by binding neurotransmitters
Which signaling mechanism can involve functions like synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection?
Retrograde Signaling
Where can neurotransmitters be stored before being released during neurotransmission?
Vesicles or granules
Which term refers to the process whereby stigmatized individuals believe that most people hold common stereotypes about individuals in the same stigmatized group as them?
Perceived
Which of the following leads to prejudice, bias, and discrimination in the pathway described?
Disgust
Which term describes the negative thoughts, feelings, and diminished self-image resulting from identifying with a stigmatized group?
Self-Stigma
Which aspect of human responses is said to be in conflict with disgust according to the text?
Empathy
What can help overcome feelings of disgust and demonization towards stigmatized groups?
Empathy
How does word choice impact bias according to the text?
It can reduce explicit and implicit bias
What percentage of toxicity-associated drugs contain structural alerts?
76-86%
What is a common issue with being too strict about avoiding drugs with structural alerts?
Limiting creativity and diversity in drug discovery
How are newer generation drugs addressing the sedation side effect caused by Seldane?
Formulating alternatives like Fexofenadine
What effect do newer generation drugs aim to reduce when it comes to sulfonamides?
Crystalluria
How do drug developers make drugs more ionizable within the blood and urine?
Decreasing the pKa to match pH levels
'Cannabis contains compounds like Tetrahydrocannabinol (psychoactive) and Cannabidiol (pain relief)' is an example of what type of information?
Drug composition
What is the main difference in absorption between inhalation and oral administration of THC?
Inhalation has a faster absorption rate due to less first-pass metabolism.
Which statement accurately describes THC distribution in the body?
THC shows rapid distribution into well-perfused tissues, including the brain.
How does Disulfiram (Antabuse) function in the treatment of ethanol abuse?
Disulfiram inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to accumulation of acetaldehyde and unpleasant effects.
What happens to ethanol metabolism when there is a significant amount of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in the liver?
Increased ADH activity accelerates ethanol metabolism.
Which factor influences the absorption of ethanol in the gastrointestinal tract?
Type of beverage consumed
Why does THC have slower elimination compared to ethanol?
THC undergoes extensive metabolism in the liver, resulting in slow elimination and detectable metabolites.
Test your knowledge on the legality of THC, variation in medical and recreational use, and absorption differences between THC and CBD. Explore topics like DEA regulations, absorption rates, bioavailability, and methods of administration.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
