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Questions and Answers
Which cranial nerve is responsible for the function of all eye muscles except the superior oblique and lateral rectus?
Which cranial nerve is responsible for the function of all eye muscles except the superior oblique and lateral rectus?
- Cranial nerve IV: Trochlear
- Cranial nerve V: Trigeminal
- Cranial nerve VI: Abducens
- Cranial nerve III: Oculomotor (correct)
Which type of muscles cause the eyeball to rotate (torsion) according to the lecture slides?
Which type of muscles cause the eyeball to rotate (torsion) according to the lecture slides?
- Oblique muscles (correct)
- Rectus muscles
- Superior oblique muscle
- Lateral rectus muscle
What is the definition of 'abduct' as mentioned in the lecture slides?
What is the definition of 'abduct' as mentioned in the lecture slides?
- To move away from the midline of the body (correct)
- To rotate the eyeball
- To move toward the midline of the body
- To dilate the pupil
Which cranial nerve is responsible for somatic motor control of the lateral rectus muscle only?
Which cranial nerve is responsible for somatic motor control of the lateral rectus muscle only?
What is the principal action of the rectus muscles according to the lecture slides?
What is the principal action of the rectus muscles according to the lecture slides?
Which cranial nerve is responsible for pure motor control (somatic and visceral) according to the lecture slides?
Which cranial nerve is responsible for pure motor control (somatic and visceral) according to the lecture slides?
Which brainstem nucleus is not involved in the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR)?
Which brainstem nucleus is not involved in the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR)?
What is the role of the abducens nucleus in the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR)?
What is the role of the abducens nucleus in the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR)?
What happens to the balance of inputs in the abducens nucleus if there is unilateral damage to the vestibular system?
What happens to the balance of inputs in the abducens nucleus if there is unilateral damage to the vestibular system?
What are the two alternating reflexive eye movements involved in nystagmus?
What are the two alternating reflexive eye movements involved in nystagmus?
What triggers nystagmus in vestibular caloric testing?
What triggers nystagmus in vestibular caloric testing?
Which mnemonic is commonly used to remember the direction of the quick phase of nystagmus during vestibular caloric testing?
Which mnemonic is commonly used to remember the direction of the quick phase of nystagmus during vestibular caloric testing?
What is the effect of warm water on the vestibular afferents during caloric testing?
What is the effect of warm water on the vestibular afferents during caloric testing?
Which brainstem nucleus receives excitatory input from the contralateral side and inhibitory input from the ipsilateral side?
Which brainstem nucleus receives excitatory input from the contralateral side and inhibitory input from the ipsilateral side?
When bilateral vestibular input is balanced, what is the activity level of motor neurons in the abducens nucleus when there is no head movement?
When bilateral vestibular input is balanced, what is the activity level of motor neurons in the abducens nucleus when there is no head movement?
What is the primary function of area V4 in the visual cortex?
What is the primary function of area V4 in the visual cortex?
What is a clinical syndrome characterized by the inability to perceive color, caused by bilateral lesions of area V4?
What is a clinical syndrome characterized by the inability to perceive color, caused by bilateral lesions of area V4?
In the context of higher-order visual functions, what are patients with damage to ventral stream association cortices aware of, but cannot identify?
In the context of higher-order visual functions, what are patients with damage to ventral stream association cortices aware of, but cannot identify?
According to the lecture slides, what is the Van Essen Diagram also known as?
According to the lecture slides, what is the Van Essen Diagram also known as?
Which publication introduced the concept of distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex?
Which publication introduced the concept of distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex?
In the context of higher-order visual functions, what is the defining characteristic of achromatopsia?
In the context of higher-order visual functions, what is the defining characteristic of achromatopsia?
What is the main impairment in visual apperceptive agnosia?
What is the main impairment in visual apperceptive agnosia?
What ability is preserved in patients with visual associative agnosia?
What ability is preserved in patients with visual associative agnosia?
What is the primary deficit in patients with prosopagnosia?
What is the primary deficit in patients with prosopagnosia?
What is the main symptom of optic ataxia?
What is the main symptom of optic ataxia?
What is the characteristic feature of simultanagnosia?
What is the characteristic feature of simultanagnosia?
What is Akinetopsia primarily characterized by?
What is Akinetopsia primarily characterized by?
Which area of the brain is primarily affected in contralateral neglect syndrome?
Which area of the brain is primarily affected in contralateral neglect syndrome?
What is the primary deficit in dorsal stream association cortices in terms of visual function?
What is the primary deficit in dorsal stream association cortices in terms of visual function?
What is predominantly affected in patients with bilateral damage in the parieto-occipital junction?
What is predominantly affected in patients with bilateral damage in the parieto-occipital junction?
What is the most notable feature of contralateral neglect syndrome?
What is the most notable feature of contralateral neglect syndrome?
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