5 Questions
Which compound has a hydroxyl group on the fourth carbon of the chain?
6-hydroxy-3-oxohexanal
Which compound contains the functional group ester?
2-hydroxyethyl 3-methylbutanoate
Which compound is classified as a carboxylic acid with a ketone functional group?
4-oxopentanoic acid
Which compound consists of an enol group?
4-pentenol
Which compound contains both an amine and a hydroxyl group?
4-amino-6-hydroxy-7-oxo-2-octenoic acid
Study Notes
Functional Group Nomenclature
- HO-C=O-CH2-CH2-C(=O)-CH3 is known as 4-oxopentanoic acid, a type of carboxylic acid.
- 2-hydroxyethyl 3-methylbutanoate has the structure HO-CH2-O-CH2-C(=O)-CH(CH3)-CH3, which consists of an ester functional group.
- 4-pentenol, a type of unsaturated alcohol, has the structure HO-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-CH2.
- 6-hydroxy-3-oxohexanal has the structure HO-CH2-CH2-CH2-C(=O)-CH2-C(=O)-H, which is an example of a hydroxyaldehyde.
- 4-amino-6-hydroxy-7-oxo-2-octenoic acid has the structure HO-C(=O)-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-C(=O)-CH2-CH3, which is an amino acid with multiple functional groups.
Key Takeaways
- Each structure has a unique name based on its functional groups and arrangement of atoms.
- Functional groups can include carboxyl, ester, hydroxyl, and amino groups, among others.
- The naming of these structures follows specific rules based on the functional groups present.
Identify the chemical names of various compounds based on their structural formulas. Test your knowledge of functional group nomenclature rules.
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