Functional Elements of Measurement Systems Quiz

Classification of Functional Elements of Measurement System

• Transducer/Sensor: Devices that convert physical input variables into electrical output variables.
• Physical Input Variables: Common examples include temperature, pressure, and liquid flow.
• Electrical Output Variables: Can include changes in voltage, resistance (R), inductance (L), and capacitance (C).

Types of Transducers/Sensors

• Displacement Sensors:

  • Monitor linear displacement, such as the thickness of materials like metal sheets.
  • Also measure angular displacement.

• Contact Type Sensors: Engage directly with the measured medium.

• Non-Contact Type Sensors: Measure without direct contact with the medium.

Specific Types of Sensors

• Speed Sensors:

  • Optical Sensors: Use light detection to measure speed.
  • Tachogenerator: Measures rotational speed.

• Fluid Sensors:

  • Fluid Pressure Sensor: Measures the pressure of fluids.
  • Fluid Flow Sensor: Monitors the flow rate of fluids, including specific types like rotameters and diaphragm sensors.

• Liquid Level Sensors:

  • Assess the level of liquids in containers.
  • Examples include potentiometer flow gauges and bellow sensors.

• Temperature Sensors:

  • Devices to measure temperature variations.
  • Include different types such as:
    • Glass Thermometer
    • RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector)
    • Thermistor
    • Thermocouple

Key Examples of Sensors

• Potentiometer: Measures changes in resistance.
• Strain Gauge: Detects strain through deformation.
• LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer): Utilizes inductance for displacement measurement.
• Encoder: Converts position into an electrical signal for measurement.

Summary of Displacement Sensors

• Can measure both linear and angular displacements.
• Important in applications requiring precise location and movement tracking.