Functional Classifications of Joints Flashcards

Study Notes

Functional Classification of Joints

Joints are classified based on movement:
- Synarthrotic: Immovable joints
- Amphiarthrotic: Slightly movable joints
- Diarthrotic: Freely movable joints; most movement occurs in appendicular skeleton and includes all synovial joints.

Synarthrotic Joints

Suture: Connects bones of the skull, allows no movement.
Gomphosis: Connects teeth to the jaw, also immovable.

Amphiarthrotic Joints

Syndesmosis: Joins two bones, such as the tibia and fibula or the ulna and radius.
Symphysis: A joint connected by a pad of fibrous cartilage, slightly movable, found between pubic bones and adjacent vertebral bodies.

Diarthrotic Joints

Also known as synovial joints, characterized by a high degree of movement.

Functions of Diarthrotic / Synovial Joints

Specialized design for enhanced mobility.
Complex structure with a joint capsule (articular capsule) composed of:
- Fibrous Membrane
- Synovial Membrane
- Contains a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid that:
  - Provides lubrication for smooth movement
  - Nourishes chondrocytes (cartilage cells)
  - Acts as a shock absorber during activity.
Articular Cartilage: Hyaline cartilage covering the ends of bones, facilitating movement.

Menisci

Refers to articular discs that provide cushioning and stability in joints.

Ligaments

Tough, dense regular connective tissue that connects bone to bone, providing joint stability.

Bursa

Small, fluid-filled pockets formed in areas where tendons or ligaments may rub against other tissues, helping to reduce friction.

Description

This quiz covers the functional classifications of joints based on their mobility, exploring synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, and diarthrotic types. Ideal for students studying anatomy, it provides definitions and examples of various joint types. Test your knowledge of joint movement!