Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which statement indicates that the client does not understand the guidelines for clear liquids before a colonoscopy?
Which statement indicates that the client does not understand the guidelines for clear liquids before a colonoscopy?
- I can have beef or chicken broth.
- I can have a small amount of vanilla ice cream. (correct)
- I can have tea and coffee with sugar.
- Lemon-, orange-, or lime-flavored gelatin is okay.
What is the primary purpose of the MyPlate food guide?
What is the primary purpose of the MyPlate food guide?
- To provide guidelines for portion control and healthy eating. (correct)
- To promote weight loss via restrictions on fat-soluble vitamins.
- To categorize foods by their fiber content.
- To emphasize higher protein intake than current levels.
Given an infant weighing 7.5 kg with a caloric requirement of 100 cal/kg/day, how many milliliters of formula does the infant need in 24 hours?
Given an infant weighing 7.5 kg with a caloric requirement of 100 cal/kg/day, how many milliliters of formula does the infant need in 24 hours?
- 450 mL
- 1500 mL
- 750 mL
- 1125 mL (correct)
Why is red-colored gelatin often prohibited before a colonoscopy?
Why is red-colored gelatin often prohibited before a colonoscopy?
Which of the following dietary recommendations is NOT part of the bland diet served to clients?
Which of the following dietary recommendations is NOT part of the bland diet served to clients?
What is the primary function of potassium in nerve and muscle fibers?
What is the primary function of potassium in nerve and muscle fibers?
Which nutrient is primarily regulated by the kidneys?
Which nutrient is primarily regulated by the kidneys?
What is the normal serum potassium range in mEq/L?
What is the normal serum potassium range in mEq/L?
Which of the following minerals is essential for maintaining healthy bones and teeth?
Which of the following minerals is essential for maintaining healthy bones and teeth?
Bicarbonate plays a crucial role in which physiological process?
Bicarbonate plays a crucial role in which physiological process?
What role does magnesium play in the human body?
What role does magnesium play in the human body?
Chloride serves a key function in digestion primarily through its role in:
Chloride serves a key function in digestion primarily through its role in:
Which of the following best describes the participation of phosphate in the body?
Which of the following best describes the participation of phosphate in the body?
What role do osmoreceptors play in the regulation of fluid volume?
What role do osmoreceptors play in the regulation of fluid volume?
Which mineral is most abundant in extracellular fluid?
Which mineral is most abundant in extracellular fluid?
Which measurement corresponds to 1 cup of raw or cooked apple?
Which measurement corresponds to 1 cup of raw or cooked apple?
How much applesauce counts as 1/2 cup of fruit?
How much applesauce counts as 1/2 cup of fruit?
What is the equivalent measurement for 1 medium wedge of cantaloupe?
What is the equivalent measurement for 1 medium wedge of cantaloupe?
Which of the following fruits can count both as 1 cup and 1/2 cup depending on the form?
Which of the following fruits can count both as 1 cup and 1/2 cup depending on the form?
What size banana counts as 1 small serving based on length?
What size banana counts as 1 small serving based on length?
Which of the following measurements does NOT equal 1 cup of fruit?
Which of the following measurements does NOT equal 1 cup of fruit?
Which of these amounts counts as 1/2 cup of fruit when considering bananas?
Which of these amounts counts as 1/2 cup of fruit when considering bananas?
How many ounces are in a standard snack container that counts as 1/2 cup of applesauce?
How many ounces are in a standard snack container that counts as 1/2 cup of applesauce?
What is primarily responsible for increasing serum calcium levels?
What is primarily responsible for increasing serum calcium levels?
Which dietary reference intake specifically addresses the average daily nutrient intake needed for health?
Which dietary reference intake specifically addresses the average daily nutrient intake needed for health?
What dietary pattern excludes all animal products?
What dietary pattern excludes all animal products?
Which condition inhibits the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
Which condition inhibits the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
In therapeutic nutrition, which factor is least likely to influence a client's dietary needs?
In therapeutic nutrition, which factor is least likely to influence a client's dietary needs?
How does low magnesium levels affect PTH secretion?
How does low magnesium levels affect PTH secretion?
Which of the following is NOT a consideration when planning a therapeutic diet?
Which of the following is NOT a consideration when planning a therapeutic diet?
What is the main purpose of dietary reference intakes (DRIs)?
What is the main purpose of dietary reference intakes (DRIs)?
Which vegetarian diet still includes dairy products but excludes eggs?
Which vegetarian diet still includes dairy products but excludes eggs?
When does PTH secretion increase?
When does PTH secretion increase?
How many ounce-equivalents does one small chicken breast half provide?
How many ounce-equivalents does one small chicken breast half provide?
What is the ounce-equivalent for one can of tuna, drained?
What is the ounce-equivalent for one can of tuna, drained?
How many ounce-equivalents are found in 1 large egg?
How many ounce-equivalents are found in 1 large egg?
What amount of cooked beans provides 2 ounce-equivalents?
What amount of cooked beans provides 2 ounce-equivalents?
Which of the following provides the highest ounce-equivalents?
Which of the following provides the highest ounce-equivalents?
If someone consumes 1/2 ounce of pistachios, how many ounce-equivalents have they consumed?
If someone consumes 1/2 ounce of pistachios, how many ounce-equivalents have they consumed?
What ounce-equivalent is attributed to 3 egg yolks?
What ounce-equivalent is attributed to 3 egg yolks?
Which of the following foods provides 2 ounce-equivalents?
Which of the following foods provides 2 ounce-equivalents?
How many ounce-equivalents does 1/4 cup of tofu count as?
How many ounce-equivalents does 1/4 cup of tofu count as?
What is the ounce-equivalent for 1 small lean hamburger?
What is the ounce-equivalent for 1 small lean hamburger?
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Study Notes
Fruit Serving Sizes
- Apple: 1 apple (3.25" diameter) = 1 cup sliced/chopped; 1/2 cup sliced/chopped for each 1/2 large (raw/cooked).
- Applesauce: 1 cup = 1 snack container (4oz).
- Banana: 1 small (less than 6") = 1/2 cup; 1 large (8"-9") = 1 cup.
- Cantaloupe: 1 cup diced/balls = 1 medium wedge (1/8 of a medium melon).
Protein Serving Sizes
- Cooked Lean Meats: 1 ounce each for beef, pork, chicken, or turkey (without skin).
- Seafood: 1 ounce cooked fish/shellfish or 1 small salmon (4-6 ounce-equivalents).
- Eggs: 1 egg = 1 ounce-equivalent; 3 egg yolks = 1 ounce-equivalent.
- Nuts and Seeds: 1/2 ounce (12 almonds or 24 pistachios) = 1 ounce-equivalent, also includes 1 Tbsp of nut butter.
- Beans and Peas: 1/4 cup cooked beans/peas = 2 ounce-equivalents; includes soups like split pea and lentil.
Essential Nutrients
- Potassium: Most abundant intracellular cation; important for nerve/muscle function, muscle contraction, and regulated by kidneys. Normal serum levels: 3.5 to 5.3 mEq/L.
- Calcium: Crucial for bone health, cell function, blood clotting, and nerve/muscle activity.
- Magnesium: A component of bone structure and essential for energy metabolism.
- Chloride: Abundant anion in extracellular fluid; vital for digestion and acid-base balance. Normal serum levels: 100 to 106 mEq/L.
- Bicarbonate: Part of the buffering system to maintain pH levels in the body.
- Phosphate: Key in energy metabolism and genetic material structure.
Fluid and Nutritional Regulation
- Osmoreceptor System: Regulates fluid intake and output to maintain balance.
- Parathyroid Hormone (PTH): Adjusts calcium levels by bone resorption and intestinal absorption; secretion is responsive to serum calcium changes.
Dietary Guidelines and Plans
- Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs): Average daily intake values intended for healthy populations; includes RDA, AI, UL, and EAR.
- Ethnic and Religious Food Patterns: Influences meal planning and individual dietary choices.
- Vegetarian Diet Types:
- Vegan: No animal products.
- Lacto-ovo: Includes dairy and eggs, excludes meat/seafood.
- Lacto: Includes dairy, excludes eggs/meat.
Therapeutic Nutrition
- Modifies dietary needs based on health conditions; requires understanding client’s abilities and willingness to adhere to dietary guidelines.
Miscellaneous
- Colonoscopy Preparation: Clear liquid diet is essential; includes gelatin but excludes substances like ice cream.
- MyPlate Guide: Emphasizes proportionate intake of food groups for balanced nutrition, not specific to therapeutic diets.
- Infant Nutritional Needs: Caloric requirement of 100 cal/kg; for a 5-month-old (7.5 kg), requires 1125 mL of formula (calories per ounce converted to mL).
- Bland Diet Reference: Often used for clients with gastrointestinal issues to minimize irritation.
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